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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Principles or rules that people use to decide what is right or wrong
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Moral Philosophy
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Moral philosophy that Assesses moral worth by looking at the consequences for the individual
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Teleology
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Moral philosophy under teleology that Maximizes personal interests; right or acceptable behavior defined in terms of consequences to the individual
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egoism
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Moral philosophy under teleology that is concerned with consequences; cost/benefit; behavior based on principles of rules that promote greatest utility
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utilitarianism
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moral philosophy that maximizes the rights of the individual; equal respect; inherent freedom
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Deontology
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type of deontologist that conforms to general moral principles
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rule deontologist
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type of deontologist that evaluates "ethicalness" based on the act
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act deontologist
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Moral Philosophy that makes decisions subjectively from the experiences of individuals and groups
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The Relativist Perspective
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Moral philosophy that makes decisions based on virtues
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Virtue Ethics
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Type of Justice Perspective that is based on outcomes or results of a business relationship (evaluating benefits derived/equity in rewards)
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Distributive Justice Perspective
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type of Justice perspective that is based on the process and activities that produce the outcomes or results
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Procedural Justice Perspective
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Type of justice perspective that is based on an evaluation of the communication process used in business relationships.
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Interactional Justice Perspective
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3 different levels of ethical concern regarding Kohlberg's Model
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1. concern with immediate interests and with rewards and punishments
2. concern with "right" as expected by the larger society or some significant reference group. 3. seeing beyond norms, laws, and the authority of groups or individuals. |
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set of values, beliefs, goals, norms, and ways of solving problems shared by members (employees) of an organization.
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Corporate Culture
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Two basic dimensions that determine organizations culture
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1.Concern for people
2. Concern for performance |
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Biggest challenge regarding interpersonal relationships in organizations.
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getting diverse people to work together
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Opportunity and _______ influence ethical decision making in interpersonal relationships.
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conflict
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Opportunity:
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1. creates ethical dilemmas
2. can come from knowledge 3. can come from persons outside the organization. |
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______ occurs when it is not clear which goals or values take precedence--those of the the individual, the organization, or society.
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Conflict
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This type of conflict occurs when a person's individual values and methods for reaching a desired goal differ from those of the organization or a group within the organization.
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Personal-organizational conflict
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This type of conflict occurs when an individual's values deviate from those of society.
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Personal-societal conflict
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This type of conflict occurs when the norms and values of a business contravene those of society in general.
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Organizational-societal conflict
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The practice of charging high prices for products sold in domestic markets while selling the same products in foreign markets at low prices, often below the costs of exporting them (U.S. has a number laws prohibiting this.)
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Dumping
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concept that morality varies from one culture to another
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Cultural Relativism
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Category under cultural relativism that believes one culture defines ethical behavior for the globe, no exceptions
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Ethical Relativism
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Category under cultural relativism that believes there may be no ethical standards except for the one in the transaction culture.
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Business Relativism
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public companies operating on a global scale without significant ties to any one nation/region
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Multinational Corporations
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Problems with multinational Corporations (4)
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o Perceived to be unfair for MNCs to transfer jobs abroad where wage rates are lower
o Have been accused of increasing gap between the rich and poor nations o Exploiting natural and human resources o Engaging in unfair competition |
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Global Ethical Issues (7)
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o Sexual and racial discrimination
o Human rights o Price discrimination o Bribery o Harmful products o Pollution and the natural environment o Telecommunications issues |
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_____ remains one of the more prevalent concerns in international business
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Discrimination
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How companies might address discrimination issues (6)
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• Develop a company policy on discrimination
• Communicate the policy internally and externally • Determine benchmarks for activities in which discrimination can arise • Determine indicators of possible noncompliance • Establish methods to identifying noncompliance • Develop a plan and implement the plan |
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When a firm charges different prices to different groups of consumers.
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Price Discrimination.
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Price Discrimination is only allowable if justified based on ____.
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costs
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A price increasing exceeding the costs of additional expenses (taxes, etc.)
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price gouging
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The ___ ____ ____ _____ Act prohibits American corporations from participating in bribery in foreign countries.
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U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
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(T/F) The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act may place U.S. businesses at a disadvantage.
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True
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(T/F) Products banned in many industrial nations, considered harmful, are not to be sold in other countries where they are still legal
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False
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Ethical issues in telecommunications (4)
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• Counterfeiting
• Knockoffs • Day trading • Money laundering |
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ideas and creative materials people develop to solve problems, carry out applications, educate, and entertain others
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intellectual property
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legal document issued to an inventor that grants the right to exclude others from using or selling the product for a period of time
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patent
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Protection that covers published and unpublished literary, scientific and artistic works
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copyrights
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_____ ______ _______ administers its own trade agreements, facilitates future trading negotiations, settles trade disputed and monitors the trade policies of member nations.
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World Trade Organization
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When was the World Trade organization established and how many member nations does it now include?
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1995; 133 member nations
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