Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is coronary Heart disease |
Fatty deposit and plaque build up inside coronary arteries. Causing the narrowing of the lumen and hardening of the vessel. Narrowing can reduce the blood flow and oxygen deliver to the muscle |
|
|
What are the risk factors for coronary heart disease |
Family history of heart disease, diabetes, obesity, high BP, high cholesterol, being male, using tobacco, sedentary lifestyle, age |
|
|
What is Angina |
A result of the narrowing & hardening of the coronary vessels |
|
|
At rest there is sufficient oxygenated blood to reach the heart but on exertion what happens? |
The heart requires further oxygen but this cannot be achieved through the narrowed vessels. The heart will become ischaemic & the PT will develop symptoms |
|
|
Signs and symptoms of Angina |
Pain/discomfort in the centre of the chest (induced by exercise or stress - relieved at rest) Pain can radiate to jaw, neck or arms. Breathless Sweating Pallor Nausea or vomiting |
|
|
What is Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) |
A range of dangerous conditions - all of which constitute medical emergencies & result from an decrease in coronary blood flow |
|
|
What conditions come under ACS |
Unstable Angina Non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) |
|
|
What is unstable angina |
Episodes of angina happening more often and unpredictably without provocation of exercise or stress |
|
|
What is a Myocardial Infarction? |
The process of injury or infarct (death) to an area of the heart muscle |
|
|
How can an MI occur? |
Plaques break off inside the coronary vessel wall - causing a bleed and a clot to form at the site - this can reduce or block blood flow to the area. |
|
|
What happens if a blockage occurs |
The heart muscle will not receive oxygen past the blockage. This part will become ischemic and if left untreated the muscle may die - this is irreversible |
|
|
Signs and symptoms of MI |
Pain/discomfort centre of the chest Described as crushing or tight in nature. Prolonged pain. May radiate to the jaw, neck or arms. Breathless, marked sweating, pallor, skin is cold and clammy Nausea and vomiting. ECG changes Haemodynamic instability/fainting |
|
|
What is fainting? |
A sudden temporary loss of consciousness |
|
|
Some warning symptoms of fainting can be? |
Yawning, feeling clammy or sweaty Nausea, fast deep breathing Confusion, light headedness, blurred vision & ringing in the ears |
