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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Compare and contrast RNA and DNA. |
RNA is single stranded RNA has ribose instead of deoxyribose RNA has uracil instead of thymine |
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2. What is RNA processing? Why is RNA processed? |
RNA is processed so mRNA can leave the nucleus through pores. 1. 5' capping 2. Splicing 3, Polyadenylation |
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3. What is wobble base pairing? |
The "Wobble Hypothesis,"discovered by Frances Crick, states that rules of base pairing are relaxed at the third position, so that a base. can pair with more than one complementary base. A wobble base pair is a pairing between two nucleotides in RNA molecules that does not follow Watson-Crick base pair rules. The four main wobble base pairs are guanine-uracil (G-U), hypoxanthine-uracil (I-U), hypoxanthine-adenine (I-A), and hypoxanthine-cytosine (I-C) The third position of the codon is the wobble position. The wobble position is the base that changes to form the same AA most of the time (third) |
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4. What is an open reading frame? |
An ORF is a continuous stretch of codons that do not contain a stop codon (usually UAA, UAG or UGA). |
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5. How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ during transcription and translation? |
Prokaryotic- one kind of RNA polymerase for transcription, no introns, polycistronic (can encode numerous proteins), transcription and translation are coupled Eukaryotic- 3 RNA polymerase, transcription in the nucleus, mRNA processed in the nucleus (3 steps) mRNA is exported to cytoplasm after 3 processing |
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Start/Stop Codons |
Methionine (AUG) is a start codon UAA, UAG, UGA are all stop codons |
