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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Wall |
A membrane of the cell that forms external to the cell membrane whose main role is to give cells rigidity, strength and protection against mechanical stress. It is found in cells of plants, bacteria,archaea, fungi, and algae. Animals and most protists do not have cell walls.
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Chromatin |
A complex of nucleic acids (e.g. DNA or RNA) and proteins(histones), which condenses to form a chromosome during cell division. In eukaryotic cells, it is found within the cell nucleus whereas inprokaryotic cells, it is found within the nucleoid. Its functions are to package DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the cell, strengthen the DNA to allow mitosis and meiosis, and to serve as a mechanism to control expression.
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Chromosomes |
A structure within the cell that bears the genetic material as a threadlike linear strand of DNA bonded to various proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, or as a circular strand of DNA (or RNA in some viruses) in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the mitochondrion and chloroplast of certain eukaryotes.
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Chloroplasts |
Chlorophyll-containing plastid found within the cells of plants and other photosynthetic eukaryotes.
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Cilia |
Microscopic, hair-like projection on the surfaces of some cells and of certain organisms.
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Flagella |
Long,slender,threadlike, whiplike extension of certain cells or unicellular organism used for movement
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Nucleus |
The large, membrane-bounded organelle that contains the genetic material, in the form of multiple linear DNA molecules organized into structures called chromosomes.
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Nucleolus |
The round granular structure within the nucleus of a cell, and composed of protein and RNA.
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Pseudopodia |
Temporary cytoplasmic projection of the cell membrane of certain unicellular protists, and is used in locomotion and/or in feeding by engulfing food
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Vacuoles |
A membrane-bound vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell whose function includes intracellular secretion, excretion, storage, and digestion.
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Prokaryote |
Any of the group of organisms primarily characterized by the lack of true nucleus and other membrane-bound cell compartments: such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, and by the possession of a single loop of stable chromosomal DNA in the nucleiod region and cytoplasmic structures, such as plasma membrane, vacuoles, primitive cytoskeletn, and ribosomes.
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Eukaryote |
Any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cell contains a distinct, membrane-bound nucleus
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