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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reid’s baseline (aka "base line" or "anthropologic baseline") is more commonly referred to as:
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IOML
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What cranial bones form the upper lateral walls of the calvarium?
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Parietals
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For the Parietoorbital oblique projection, Rhese method, of the orbit, how many degrees of angle should be formed between the MSP and the IR?
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53 degrees
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Which position is performed with the patient’s head positioned true lateral and the CR directed 25 degrees cephalad?
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Axiolateral oblique projections of the mandible.
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True or false. The opposite side of the mandible should overlap the ramus for an axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible.
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False.
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How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the Axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible?
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25 degrees cephalad
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For the Parietoorbital oblique projection, Rhese method, of the orbits, which positioning line should be perpendicular to the IR?
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Acanthiomeatal
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Which of the following structures can be well demonstrated with an Axiolateral oblique projection (Modified Law method)?
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TMJ
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To demonstrate the mandibular body with the Axiolateral oblique projection, how should the patient’s head be positioned?
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From true lateral, rotate the head 30 degrees toward the IR.
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How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the Axiolateral oblique projection (Schuller method) for TMJs?
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25 degrees caudal
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An AP axial projection (Towne method) of the bilateral zygomatic arches is performed similarly to the AP axial projection (Towne method) of the skull, except that the projection for the zygomatic arches requires which of the following be done?
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CR should be directed to the glabella
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Which projection of the skull can be correctly performed with the CR angled 15 degrees?
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PA Axial, Caldwell method
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How many degrees are in the angle formed between the midsagittal plane and the petrous pyramids in the brachycephalic skull?
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54 degrees
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From which cranial bone does the zygomatic process arise?
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Temporal
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How many degrees are in the angle formed between the midsagittal plane and the petrous pyramids in the dolichocephalic skull?
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40 degrees
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The external acoustic meatus is a part of which cranial bone?
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Temporal
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On which cranial bone is the Crista galli located?
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Ethmoid
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With which bone does the mandible articulate?
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Temporal
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Which skull classification refers to a typical skull (in terms of length and width)?
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Mesocephalic
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Which bone comprises most of the lateral wall of the orbital cavities?
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Zygomatic
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Where should the petrous ridges be seen in the image of the Parietoacanthial projection of the facial bones?
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Below the maxillary sinus
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Which bones from the posterior one fourth of the roof of the mouth?
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Palatine
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Which skull classification refers to a long, narrow skull?
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Dolichocephalic
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Which skull classification refers to a short, wide skull?
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Brachycephalic
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Which projection of the skull can be correctly performed with the CR angled 37 degrees?
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AP Axial, Towne method
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With reference to the IR, how should the MSP be adjusted for the tangential projection demonstrating an individual zygomatic arch?
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15 degrees from perpendicular
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Which suture joins both parietal bones with the occipital bone?
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Lambdoidal
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Where are the lacrimal bones located?
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On the medial wall of each orbit
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Which positioning line should be parallel with the IR for the SMV projection of the skull?
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Infraorbitomeatal line
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Which suture joins a parietal bone with both a sphenoid bone and a temporal bone?
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Squamosal
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The Bregma fontanel is located at the junction of which two sutures?
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Coronal and sagittal
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With reference to the patient, where should the IR be centered for the lateral projection of the skull?
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2" above EAM
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Which projection of the skull produces a full basal image of the cranium?
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SMV Schuller method
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Where is the vomer bone found?
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On the floor of the nasal cavity
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Which projection of the skull projects the petrous bones in the lower third of the orbits?
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PA Axial Caldwell method
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The Lambda fontanel is located at the junction of which cranial bones?
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Occipital and both parietals
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The lambda fontanel is located at the junction of which two sutures?
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Lambdoidal and Sagittal
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The Pterygoid processes project inferiorly from which cranial bone?
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Sphenoid
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The Bregma fontanel is located at the junction of which cranial bones?
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Frontal and both parietals
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With reference to the IR, how should the CR be directed for the Parietoacanthial projection, Waters method?
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Perpendicular
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With reference to the patient, where should the IR be centered for the PA 15 degree (Caldwell method) projection of the skull?
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Nasion
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For the PA axial projection, Haas method, of the skull, where should the CR enter the patient’s head?
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1 ½ inches (3.8cm) below the external occipital protuberance
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How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the PA axial projection, Haas method, of the skull?
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25 degrees cephalad
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Which suture articulates the frontal bone with both parietal bones?
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Coronal
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Which two positioning lines or planes should be perpendicular to the IR for the PA projection of the skull?
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Orbitomeatal line and midsagittal plane
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True or false. For an SMV projection for the paranasal sinuses, the mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous ridges.
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True
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Which sinus group is of primary interest on the lateral projection of sinuses?
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Sphenoid
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Where should the petrous ridges be seen in the image of the PA 15 degree axial projection, Caldwell method?
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Lower one third of the orbits
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Which sinus group is NOT well visualized in the image produced by the Parietoacanthial projection, Waters method?
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Sphenoidal
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Which sinus groups are best demonstrated with the PA projection, Caldwell method?
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Frontal and anterior ethmoidal
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The tangential projection for a unilateral zygomatic arch requires that the skull be rotated 15 degrees and tilted 15 degrees away from the affected side.
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False (towards the affected side)
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True or false. The mandible articulates with the zygomatic bone.
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False
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The CR is centered to exit at the level of the _______________ for a well positioned 15 degree PA Axial projection of the facial bones.
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Nasion
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Name the cranial bones that the occipital bone articulates with.
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Sphenoid, atlas (C1), Parietals, Temporals
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Name the cranial bones that each temporal bone articulates with.
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Parietal, occipital, sphenoid
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What cranial bones does the sphenoid articulate with?
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All of them!
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What are the other names for the petrous portion?
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Petrous pyramid, pars petrosa, petromastoid portion
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The petrous ridge corresponds to the level of which external landmark?
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TEA (top of ear attachment)
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In which cranial bone is the opening (orifice) located that transmits the nerves of hearing and equilibrium and what is the name of the orifice?
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Temporal bone, Internal acoustic meatus
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WHat is the alternate name of the pituitary gland?
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Hypophysis Cerebri
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Name the foramina of the sphenoid, anterior to posterior.
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Rotundum, ovale, spinosum
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At what age do cranial sutures close? Fontanels?
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12-13 years. 18 months.
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What is another name for the auricle?
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Pinna
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What is the ear "lip" called?
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Tragus
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What is the "ear drum"?
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Attic or epitympanic recess
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What position would demonstrate the internal acoustic meatus?
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Modified PA Caldwell (5-10 degrees caudal angle to the OML)
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The shape of the average head is termed ________ and has a width of ____ cm and length of ____ cm.
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Mesocephalic, 15, 19 (width 75% of length)
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In a mesocephalic head, petrous ridges are at an angle of ____ MSP.
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47 degrees
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What is a brachycephalic head and at what angle are the petrous ridges?
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Width 80+% more than length (>47 degrees, + or - 54 degrees)
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In a dolichocephalic head at what angle are the petrous ridges in relation to the MSP?
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+ or - 40 degrees (<47 degrees), width is less than 75% of length
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