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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When is behavior considered abnormal or disordered?
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-when behavior is deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional
-being different (deviant) from most other people in one's culture |
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medical model of psychological disorders
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1) Etiology - cause of disease and its development
2) Diagnosis - classicfication/label given to illness based on symptoms 3) Treatment 4) Prognosis - forcast, what will happen becuase of treatment |
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DSM-IV
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-the American Psychiatric Associations's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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Goals of DSM-IV
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-describes (400) disorders
-determines how prevalent the disorder is -disorders outlined by it are reliable therefore, diagnoses by different professionals are similar |
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What DSM-IV does not include
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doesn't explain causes of problem
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Criticisms of DSM-IV and the problem of labeling psychological disorders
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-presumes "mental illness"
-includes almost any kind of behavior -labeling people makes us view them differently |
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anxiety disorders
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Feelins of excessive apprehenssion and anxiety
1) Generalized anxiety disorders 2) Phobias 3) Panic disorders 4) Obsessive-compulsive disorders |
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generalized anxiety disorder
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an anxiety disorder in which a person is continaually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of automnomic nervous system arousal
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panic disorder
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an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread i which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations
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phobia
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an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
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an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
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mood disorders
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psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes:
-major depressive disorder -bipolar disorder |
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major depressive disorder
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-a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminshed interest or pleasure in most activities
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bipolar disorder
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an alteration between depression and mania
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mania
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a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state
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Schizophrenia
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a group of severe diorders characterized by:
1) disorganized and delusional thinking 2) disturbed perceptions 3) inappropriate emotions and actions |
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positive symptoms of schizophrenia
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presence of inappropriate behavior: hallucinations, disorganized talk, delusions, inappropriate laughter, tears, or rage
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negative symptoms of schizophrenia
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absence of appropriate behavior: toneless voice, expressionless face, mute and rigid body
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failure of selective attention in schizophrenia patients
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causes disorganized thoughts
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genetic influences in schizophrenia
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the liklihood of an individual suffering from schizophrenia is 50% if their identical twin has the disease
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personality disorders
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psychological disorders characterized by inflexibel and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
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Antisocial Personality Disorder
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-a disorder in which the person (usually men) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrong doing, even toward friends and family members
-has biological and psychological reasons -show little autonomic nervous system arousal -react with lower levels of stress hormones -reduced activity in frontal lobe |
