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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the filaments that interact to produce muscle contraction?
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Myosin
Actin |
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Two kinds of protein that make up filaments are...
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Actin
Myosin |
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Threads
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Filaments
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What neorotransmitter is involved in the stimulation of skelatal muscle cells?
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Acetyylcholine
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The muscle cells receiving membrane
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Motor end plate
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Tiny space between cells
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Synaptic cleft
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Point of communication between cells
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synapse
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Released from the neuron to stimulate the muscle fiber
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neurotransmitter
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Point at which a nerve fiber contacts a muscle cell
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neuromuscular junction
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around entire muscle
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epimysium
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Around Fascicles (bundles) of muscle fibers...
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Perimysium
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Around each individual muscle fibor
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Endomysium
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A single neuron and all the muscle fibors it stimulates comprise a...
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Motor unit
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Band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone
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Tendon
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mylo-
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meaning muscle
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Connective tissue layered around each fascicle
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perimysium
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Deepest layer of connective tissue
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Endomysium
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Individual muscle fibers arranged in bundles
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Fascicles
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3 Primary functions of the muscular system
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1. Movement
2. Maintenance of Posture 3. Generation of heat |
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Makes up 40% of the total body weight.
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Skeletal Muscle
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Constitute the largest amount of the bodys muscle tissure
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Skeletal Muscle
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Heavily striated
Stimulated by nervous system Moves voluntary |
Skeletal Muscle
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Moves involuntary makes up hearts wall cells are striated
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Cardiac Muscle
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Moves involuntary regulates the diameter of an opening
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Smooth muscle
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Types of muscle
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Smooth
Cardiac Skeletal |
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Compound that is formed in oxidation that supplies the energy for contraction
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ATP
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Mineral needed to allow actin and myosin to interact
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Calcium
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Creatin Phosphate
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stores energy
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Glycogen
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stores additional glucose
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Myoglobin
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stores additional oxygen
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Makes up walls of hollow body organs as well as those of the blood vessels and respiratory passageways.
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Smooth Muscle
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Smooth Muscle moves...
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involuntarily
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Can regulate the diameter of an opening
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Smooth Muscle
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Smooth Muscle
striated/not striated |
not
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Cardiac Muscle moves...
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involuntary
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Makes up the hearts wall and creates the pulsing action of that organ.
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Cardiac Muscle
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The cells of the cardiac muscle are striated/not striated?
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striated
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Have one nucleus per cell and branching interconnections
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Cardiac Muscle
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Skeletal muscle is striated/not
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heavily striated
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Cells are very long and cylindrical and have multiple nuclei per cell.
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Skeletal Muscle
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The ------- system stimulates skeletal muscle to contract.
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nervous
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Skeletal muscle moves...
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voluntary
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Skeletal muscle is so named because...
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most of these muscles are attached to bones and porduce movement at the joints.
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The point at which a nerve fiber contacts a muscle cell is called the...
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neuromuscular junction
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point of communication between cells
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synapse
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active/demostrating
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Isotonic
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No movement
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Isometric
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the tone or tension within the muscle remains the same but the muscle as a whole shortens, producing movement
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Isotonic
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no changed in muscle length but there is a great increase in muscle tension.
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Isometric
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named for a nearby bone, for example, or for position, such as lateral, medial, internal, or external
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Location
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using terms such as miximus, major, minor, longus or brevis
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Size
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such as circular (orbicularis), triangular (deltoid), or trapezoid (trapezius)
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Shape
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including straight (rectus) or angled (oblique)
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Direction of firbers
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(attachment points), as indicated by the suffix -ceps, as in biceps, triceps, and quadriceps
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Number of heads
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as in flexor, extensor, adductor, abductor, or levator
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Action
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The most important muscle involved in the act of breathing is the
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diaphragm
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inflammation of muscle tendons and their attachments
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Tendinitis
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pain and soreness along the tibia ("shin bone") from stress injury of structures in the leg
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Shinsplints
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involves the tendons of the flexor muscles of the fingers as well as the nerves supplying the hand and fingers
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Carpal tunnel syndrome
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inflammation of the bursa over the point of the elbow (olecranon).
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Olecranon bursitis
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Broad muscle across back and shoulders
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Trapezius
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Fulcrum
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Middle point
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Most efficient lever
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First-class lever
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A movement is performed by a muscle called the ...
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Prime mover
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the muscle that produces an opposite movement to that of the prime mover is know as the
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Antagonist
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muscles that work with the prime movers to accomplish a movement (helping muscles) are
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synergists
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Most lever systems in the body are of the
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third-class type
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anterior arm along humerus, to radius
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Biceps
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posterior to biceps brachii; inserts at anterior elbow joint
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Brachialis
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Flattens cheek; helps in eating and whistling
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Buccinator
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When muscles are at rest these two additional proteins block the sites on actin filaments where cross-bridges form
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troponin
tropomyosin |
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the four muscles of the rotator cuff
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supraspinatus
infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis |
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Muscles operating anaerobically are in a state of ...
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oxygen debt
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some of the changes in muscle tissue that lead to improved endurance and strength include...
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increase in the number of capillaries
increase in the number of mitochondria increase in reserves of myoglobin, glycogen and creatine phosphate |
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widening of blood vessel diameter
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vasodilation
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