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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
genome
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complete set of an organism's genetic material
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histone
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small protein that DNA wraps around
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trisomy 21
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condition in which an individual has three number 21 chromosomes, resulting in Down syndrome
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Down syndrome
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general set of symptoms in people with trisomy 21
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nondisjunction
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event during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate
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duplication
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change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated
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deletion
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change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed
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inversion
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change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the original chromosome is reversed
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translocation
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change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome
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transposon
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genetic element that moves from one location to another in a genome
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pedigree
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family tree that records and traces the occurrence of a trait in a family
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carrier
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individual who has one copy of the allele for a recessive disorder and does not exhibit symptoms
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genetic counselor
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person trained to collect, analyze, and explain data about human inheritance patterns
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growth factor
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protein that initiates cell division
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tumor-suppressor gene
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gene that codes for a protein that stops cell division in particular situations
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oncogene
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cancer-causing gene
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