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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What faith was strong in France at the time of the Reformation?
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Catholic Faith
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Huldrych Zwingli was the
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Vicar(head) of cathedral in Zurich, Switzerland
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Who influenced Huldrych Zwingli?
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the writings of Erasmus and Luther
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How did Zwingli die?
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In battle between Catholics and Protestants
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He tood over the Protestant Reformation work in Switzerland after Zwingli's death
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John Calvin
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John Calvin wrote
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Institutes of the Christian Religion
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John Calvin was a proponent of the belief known as
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predestination
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City were Calvinism became offical religion
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Geneva, Switzerland
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Geneva became a government ruled by Christian clergy claiming God's authority and this is known as a
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theocracy
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The belief that in the beginning God had decided who would be saved was called
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predestination
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The people chosen beforehand for salvation or predestined were called
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"the elect"
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Calvanist in France were called
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Huguenots
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Who considered the Huguenots a threat to national unity?
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The Catholic French Monarchs
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The Huguenots had to do what against the Catholics?
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defended themselves in a series of bloody civil wars
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What gave the Huguenots freedom of worship and some political rights?
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King Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes
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What areas were the Calvinist strongest?
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Scotland
nothern Netherlands parts of Germany |
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A form of Calvinism played a vital role in England and eventually North America called
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Puritanism
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The Catholic Reformation was known as
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the Counter-Reformation
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The Counter-Reformation clarified
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the docrines of the church and pursued an aggressive campaign against Protestantism
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Tatics of the Counter-Reformation were
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Pope Paul III brought in the Inquisition practices-cruel punishmets-burn at stake
Index of Forbidden Books were established by Pope Paul IV |
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Who was influnced by Erasmus and others and began a deliberate policy of reviving SPIRIRUALITY to the Catholic Church?
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Pope Paul III
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Why did Pope Paul III summoned Church leaders to the Italian city of Trent ?
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to define and communicate essential Catholic doctrines
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The Council of Trent decided that
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1)indulgences were banned
2)tightened discipline for clergy 3)reaffirmed Catholic beliefs and pracitices like eleborate ceremonies, sacraments, and the role of preists in forgiveness of sins, ect. |
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Pope Paul III appointed bishops and cardinals who were considered
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spiritually devout men
very intelligent men |
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Why did Pope Paul III revive the medieval Inquisition to Rome?
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to keep Catholics from becoming Prostestants
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The Index of Forbiddien Books that Pope Paul III established forbade Catholics from
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reading pro-Protestant books which lasted until 1966!!!!
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The society of Jesus is known as the
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Jesuits
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Who founded the Jesuits?
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Ignatius de Loyola-Spanish
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How was the Jesuits organized?
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Loyola, a soldier in the HRE war against the French organized them like a military organization
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What 3 things were considered the most effective means of combating the Protestant movement?
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strict obedience and discipline was required
EDUCATION most effective way |
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What 2 values did the Jesuits combine?
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humanist with Catholic values
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What book written by Loyola?
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came in a vision called Spiritual Exercises
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Jesuits believe salvation by
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self-discipline
good deeds |
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Who were the most effective agents in spreding Catholicism and slowed protestantism in Poland, Germany, and France?
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Jesuits
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Four results of the "Reformations"
in Europe were |
1)on and off religious wars
2)emergence of new Protestant churches 3)new interest in education and rise in literacy 4)decrease in the power of the Pope and increase power of the national governmernts |