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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The central nervous system/peripheral nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord |
central nervous system |
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the most superior portion of the brain includes the cerebral hemispheres/brain stem |
cerebral hemispheres |
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True or False. Deep grooves within the cerebral hemispheres are known as gyri |
False |
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On the ventral surface of the brain, you can observe the optic nerves and chiasma, the pituitary gland, and the mammillary bodies. These externally visible structures form the floor of the... |
diencephalon |
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the inferior region of the brain stem the medulla oblongata/cerebellum houses many vital autonomic enters involved in the control of heart rate, respiratory rhythm, and blood pressure. |
medulla oblongata |
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directly under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum is a large cauliflower like structure known as the... |
cerebellum |
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the outer cortex of the brain contains the cell bodies of cerebral neurons and is knowns as white matter/gray matter |
gray matter |
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the brain and spinal cord are covered and protected by three connective tissue layers called... |
the meninges |
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where is the primary auditory cortex found? |
temporal lobe |
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where is the primary motor cortex found? |
frontal lobe |
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where is the primary somatosensory cortex found? |
parietal lobe |
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where is the olfactory cortex found? |
temporal lobe |
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where is the primary visual cortex found? |
occipital lobe |
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where is the broca's area found? |
frontal lobe |
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which of the following structures is part of the brain stem? |
cerebral hemispheres cerebellum diencephalon |
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review the human brain page 297 |
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review the states on page 297 |
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review the structures of the human brain stem and diencephalon on page 298 |
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site of regulation of body temperature and water balance; most important autonomic center |
hypothalamus |
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site where medial fibers of the optic nerves cross |
optic chiasma |
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located in the midbrain; contains reflex centers for vision and audition |
corpora quadrigemina |
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responsible for regulation of posture and coordination of complex muscular movements |
cerebellum |
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important synapse site for afferent fibers traveling to the sensory cortex |
thalamus |
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contains autonomic centers regulating blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rhythm, as well as coughing, sneezing, and swallowing centers |
medulla oblongata |
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large commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres |
corpus callosum |
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fiber tract involved with olfaction |
fornix |
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connects the third and fourth ventricles |
cerebral aqueduct |
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encloses the third ventricle |
thalamus |
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embryologically, the brain arise from the rostral end of a tubelike structure that quickly becomes divided into three major regions. groups of structures that develop from the embryonic brain are listed below. designate the embryonic origin of each group as the hindbrain, midbrain, or forebrain. 1.) the diencephalon, thalamus, optic chiasma, and hypothalamus 2.) the medulla oblongata, pons, cerebellum 3.) the cerebral hemispheres |
1.) forebrain 2.) hindbrain 3.) forebrain |
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what is the function of the basal nuclei |
controls voluntary movements establishes posture |
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what is the striatum and how is it related to the fibers of the internal capsule? |
set of fibers in the internal capsule to the diencephalon and basal nuclei |
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a brain hemorrhage within the region of the right internal capsule results in paralysis of the left side of the body. explain why the left side rather than the right side is affected. |
fibers cross to the other side of the brain to the medulla. |
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explain why trauma to the brain stem is often much more dangerous than trauma to the frontal lobes. |
brain stem contains vital life functions like breathing. |
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explain how patients in a vegetative state can have no damage to their cerebral cortex and yet lack awareness of their environment. |
cortex is not receiving stimulation from the thalamus |
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patients in a vegetative stated will often reflexively respond to visual and auditory stimuli. where in the brain are the centers for these reflexes located? explain how this phenomenon relates to the unaffected parts of their brain involved in sensory input? |
midbrain is still intact midbrain is not damaged and not sending signals to the cortex |
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outermost meninx covering of the brain; composed of tough fibrous connective tissue |
dura matter |
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innermost meninx covering the brain; delicate and highly vascular |
pia matter |
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structures instrumental in returning cerebrospinal fluid to the venous blood in the dural venous sinuses |
arachnoid villi |
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structure that produces the cerebrospinal fluid |
choroid plexus |
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middle menix; like a cobweb in structure |
arachnoid matter |
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its outer layer forms the periosteum of the skull |
dura matter |
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a dural fold that attaches the cerebrum to the crista galli of the skull |
fleux cerebri |
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a dural fold separating the cerebrum from the cerebellum |
fleux cerebelli |
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review number 15 on page 300 |
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review number 16 on page 301 |
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what cranial nerve is involved with rotating the head? |
accessory nerve, XI |
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what cranial nerve is involved with smelling a flower? |
olfactory nerve, I |
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what cranial nerve is involved with raising the eyelids; pupillary constriction? |
oculomotor nerve, III |
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what cranial nerve is involved with slowing the heart; increasing motility of the digestive tract? |
vagus X |
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what cranial nerve is involved with Bell's palsy (facial paralysis)? |
facial nerve, XII |
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what cranial nerve is involved with chewing food? |
trigeminal nerve, V |
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what cranial nerve is involved with listening to music; seasickness? |
vestibularcochlear nerve, VIII |
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what cranial nerve is involved with secretion of salvia; tasting well-seasoned food? |
facial nerve, VII |
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what cranial nerve(s) is/are involved in "rolling" the eyes? |
oculomotor nerve, III trochlear nerve, IV abducins, VI |
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what cranial nerve is involved with feeling a toothache? |
trigeminal nerve, v |
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what cranial nerve is involved with reading the newspaper? |
optic nerve, II |
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what cranial nerve(s) is purely or mostly sensory in function? |
olfactory nerve, I oculomotor nerve, III facial nerve, VII |
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in your own words, describe the firmness and texture of the sheep brain tissue as observed when you cut into it. |
hard outside, soft inside due to preservatives |
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number 19 page 302 |
number 19 page 302 |