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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Crude birth rate |
Total # of live births in a year for every 1,000 ppl alive in the society |
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Crude death rate |
Total # of deaths in a year for every 1,000 ppl alive in the society |
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Natural increase rate |
% by which a population grows in a year |
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Natural |
A country's growth rate excludes migration |
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Doubling time |
# of years needed to double a population |
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Total fertility rate |
Measures # of births in a society & is the average # of children a women will have thought out her childbearing years |
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Infant mortality rate |
Annual # of deaths of infants under 1 year of age compared with total live births |
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Life expectancy |
At birth, it measures average # years a newborn infant can expect to live at current morality levels |
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Crude |
When we are concerned with society as a whole rather than particular groups or individuals |
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Where do they have the highest IMR rates |
In the LCDs of sub-Saharan Africa |
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Where is the lowest rate of IMR? |
In Europe |
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What does IMR reflect? |
It reflects a country's health care system |
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Where is life expectancy most favorable and where is it least favorable? |
Most favorable in wealthy countries, least favorable in poor countries |
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MDCs have lower rates of what? |
Lower rates of natural increase,crude birth, total fertility, infant morality and higher average life expectancy |
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Demographic transition |
Populations of different countries are at various stages |
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Ecumene |
The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement |
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Arithmetic density |
Total number of objects in an area, can also refer to the total number of ppl divided by total land area |
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Physiological density |
In a region, the number of ppl supported by a unit area of arable land |
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Agricultural density |
The ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture |
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4 major population concentration regions |
East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe |
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What 4 lands are outside of populated regions? |
Dry lands, wet lands, cold lands, and high lands |
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Demography |
Scientific study of population characteristics |
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Overpopulation |
Relationship between the # of ppl & the availability of resources |
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Population density can be computer in what ways? |
Arithmetic density, physiological density & agricultural density |
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Agricultural revolution |
The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering |
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Industrial revolution |
Began in England in late 18th century and spread to the European continent and North America during the 19th century; it was a conjunction of major improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods and delivering them to market |
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Zero population growth (ZPG) |
Term often applied to stage 4 countries, it may occur when the CBR is still slightly higher than the CDR |
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Population pyramid |
A country's population can be displayed by age and gender groups on a bar graph; normally shows the percentage of the total population in 5-year age groups, which is the youngest at the base and oldest at the top |
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Dependency ratio |
Most important factor which is the # of ppl who are too young or too old to work compared to the # of ppl in their productive years |
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Sex ratio |
The # of males per hundred females on the population |
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Epidemiologic transition |
Focused on distinctive caused of death in each stage of the demographic transition; the term comes from epidemiology |
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Epidemiology |
Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality |
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Black Plague |
Bubonic plaque, which was probably transmitted to humans by fleas from migrating infected rats; it originated in present-day Kyrgyzstan and was brought from there by a Tatar army when it attacked an Italian trading post on the Black Sea in present-day Ukraine |
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Pandemic |
Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high portion of the population |
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Three reasons help to explain the possible emergence of a stage 5 of the epidemiologic transition |
Evolution, poverty, and improved travel |