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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the progression of changes in the moon's appearance during the month
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phases of the moon
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What is the point at which the moon is farthest from Earth in its orbit
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apogee
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What are the traces out a cone over a period of 26,000 years
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precession
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what are the two main motions of Earth
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rotation and revolution
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what is the turing or spinning of a body on its axis
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rotation
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what is the time in July when Earth is farthest from the sun
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Aphelion
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Who concluded that Earth is a planet
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Nicolaus Copernicus
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What is the apparent westward motion of the planets with respect to the stars
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retrograde motion
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who created a model of the universe that accounted for the movement of the planets
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ptolemy
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State one of Kepler's laws of planetary motion
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the path of each planet around the sun is an ellipse, with the sun at one focus
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What is one of Kepler's three laws of planetary motion
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Each planet revolves so that an imaginary line connecting it to the sun sweeps over equal areas in equal time intervals
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What is the last of Kepler's three laws of planetary motion
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The square of the length of time it takes a planet to orbit the sun is proportional to the cube of its mean distance to the sun
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Briefly explain the Geocentric model
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the moon, sun, and the known planets orbit Earth
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Briefly explain the Heliocentric model
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Earth and the other planets orbit the sun
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What is the science that studies the universe
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Astronomy
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What is an oval-shaped path
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ellipse
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What is the point at which the moon is closest to the Earth
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perigee
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The solar system speeds in the direction of the star
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vega
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What is a result of the motion of the moon and the sunlight that is reflected from its surface
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moon phase
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What is a depression produced by a meteorite impact
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crater
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Who was the first astronomer to formulate and test the law of universal gravitation
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Newton
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What does the gravitational force do with distance
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decrease
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what is one of the discoveries that Galileo made
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planets are disks
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what is another discovery that Galileo made
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the discovery that the sun had sunspots, or dark regions
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What is one of the four important discovery that Galileo made
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the discovery that venus has phases just like the moon
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What is the last discovery that Galileo made
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the discovery that the planets are circular disks, not just points of light
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An astronomical unit is about how many kilometers and how many miles
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150,000,00 kilometers and 93,000,000
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What is the time in January when Earth is closest to the sun
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Perihelion
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What says is the time it takes for Earth to make one complete rotation with respect to a star other than the sun
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sidereal day
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What is a long channel associated with lunar maria
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rille
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What is thin, gray layer on the surface of the moon
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lunar regolith
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what are any system of bright, elongated streaks, sometimes associated with a crater on the moon
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rays
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most of the lunar surface is made up of densely pitted light-colored areas known as what
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highlands
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What are ancient beds of basaltic lava, originated when asteroids punctured the lunar surface
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maria
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what is the month based on the cycle of the moon's phases
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syndic
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What month is the true period of the moon's revolution around Earth
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sidereal
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what occurs when the moon passes through Earth's shadow
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lunar eclipse
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an eclipse of the moon can only occur when the moon is the what phase
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full moon
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what can occur when the moon moves in a line directly between Earth and the sun
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solar eclipse
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what is the period of Pluto in Earth years
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247.70
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What is the solar distance of Earth in A.U.'s
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1.0
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How much dud Galileo's telescope magnify distance objects
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three times the size seen by the unaided eye
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What are the names of five noted scientists that were responsible for the birth of modern astronomy
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Galileo Galileo, Johannes Kepler, Nicolaus Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, and Sir Isaac Newton
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What scientists concluded that the Earth was round
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Aristotle
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The first successful attempt to establish the size of the Earth is credited to
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Eratosthenes
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What is the period of Mercury in Earth years
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0.24
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What is the solar distance of Uranus
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19.18 A.U.
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What is the period of Jupiter in Earth years?
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11.86
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What is the solar distance of Saturn
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9.54 A.U.
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What is the period of Neptune in Earth years
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164.8
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What is the period of Venus in Earth years
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0.62
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What is the total number of eclipses
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The usual number of eclipses is four. One set of solar and one set of lunar eclipse. Followed six months later with another set.
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What is the maximum that can occur in a year
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The total number of eclipses in one year isn't more than seven.
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What is Earth's orbit of speed
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107,000 kilometers is Earth's orbit of speed
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How did Aristotle conclude that the Earth is round
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It always casts a curved shadow on the moon when it passes between the sun and moon. He's belief that the EArth is round was largely abandoned in the Middle Ages
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Which Astronomer spent 20 years on the planets
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Tycho Brahe
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What is revolution
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the motion of one body about another, as Earth about the sun
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What was Hipparchus known for
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He was best known for his star catalog. He determined the location of almost 850 stars, which he divided into six groups according to their brightness.
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Which eclipses are you most likely to experience
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lunar eclipse
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How old is the moon
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about 4 and a half billion years old
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Which scientists discovered that venus has phases
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Galileo Galilei
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Who was the first to make an accurate measure of the earth's size
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Eratosthene
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Phases of the moon
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New, crescent (waxing), first quarter, Gibbous (waxing), full, gibbous (wanning), third quarter, and crescent (wanning)
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Measure of a total matter an object has
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60-kg
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Approximate length of day and night on the moon
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27 1/3 Earth days
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What is the new moon phase
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The moon disappears altogether.
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What is the first quarter phase
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when the moon can be seen from about noon to midnight
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What is the full moon phase
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when the moon can be seen rising in the east as the sun is sinking in the west
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