Chapter 23 Asepsis & Infection Control

Normal flora that becomes potentially harmful by taking advantage of a susceptible host.

Bacteria that require oxygen to live

A disease state that results from the presence of pathogens in or on the body.

A general term for disease-producing microorganism.

Microorganisms that commonly inhabit various body sites and are part of the body's natural defense. Ex// vaginal, GI, etc.

Plant-like organisms that can cause infection

An invading foreign protein such as bacteria.

Most significant and commonly observed infection - causing agents in health care institutions.

Bacteria that have chemically more complex cell walls and can be decolorized by alcohol.

Bacteria that have thick cell walls that resist colorization and are stained violet.

Bacteria that cam survive without oxygen.

The body responds to an antigen by producing these.

A hospital-acquired infection

An infection that occurs as a result of treatment or a diagnostic procedure.

An infection in which the causative agent is normally harbored inside of the patient.

The infection caused by an organism acquired from other persons.

Normally picked up on the hands of doing usual activities. Few exists on clean skin.

Sterilization is required. Contaminated if touched by anything.

Number of organisms

Person's immune system

Virulence of the organism

Length/intimacy of contact between the person & the microorganism.

Tuberculosis

Rabies

Gas gangrene

Gastrointestinal, Genitourinary & Blood/Tissue

Touching, kissing, sex

Touching contaminated fluid/item.

Mosquitoes, ticks, lice

Coughing, sneezing, talking

Eliminates the invading pathogen and allows for tissue repair.

Specific reactions occur in the body against foreign protein. Responds to antigen by an an antibody.

Intact skin/ mucous membranes

Normal pH

WBC count

Age, sex, race, hereditary factors

Early detection/surveillance, immunization, and past disease history.

Must accurately reflect the patient's condition.

Control or prevent infection. Consider the cycle.

Aseptic technique to not spread and minimize the threat of infection.

Intervene in the POC,evaluate if it's working or not.

Hand hygiene, personal care items, washcloths, etc.

Hand hygiene, individual items such as straws, etc.

Sterile combs/brushes, examine food workers for infection.

Aseptic techniques to prevent further spread/ prevent nosocomial infections.

Constant surveillance

Written infection - prevention policies.

Using practices that promote the best possible physical condition of the patients.

<5mm

>5mm

UTI- confusion?

*incontinence.

Women- lose pelvic floor contractability =stress incontinence(sneezing)

Men- prostate issues

Hand hygiene, gown, mask, goggle, other, mask.

Gloves, mask/goggles, gown, hand hygiene.