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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Chemicals exist in threee physical states ______, ____ ,or _____
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solid, liquid or gas
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Chemicals can undergo a ________ when subjected to outside influences
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Physical change
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_____ is a description of the volume increase that occurs when a liquid material changes to a gas
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expansion ration
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The boiling point of water is _____
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212 F
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Water has a expansion ration of ________
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1700:1
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When looking at the fire potential of a chemical, there are three important aspects to consider: _______, _______ and ,_________
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ignition temperature, flash point, and flammable range
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Neiter _______ nor liquids can actually burn
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solids or liquids
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The flashpoint of gasoline is ____
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-43 F
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Diesel has a flashpoint of _____
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120 F
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What’s the burden of proof in all criminal cases?
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The due process clause requires in all criminal cases that the state prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
But state may generally impose the burden of proof upon the defendant in regard to an affirmative defense like insanity or self-defense (review NY rules) |
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The ________ defines the amount of flammable vapor needed to keep a fire burning
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upper flammable limit
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The ___________ de fines the amount of vapor needed to cause ignition
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lower flammable limit
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When operating in any enviroment where a flammable or combustible vapor cloud is present, always err on the side of safety and assume htat at some point in the suspected vapor cloud the mixture is of such a concentration that the danger of a _______ exists
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ignitions
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Hydrogen _____% -- ____%
Natural gas ____% --____% Propane ______% --_____% |
Hydrogen 4.5% to 75%
Natural gas 5.0% to 15% Propane 2.5% to 9.0% |
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HAHAMINCE
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Hydrogen Ammonia Helium Acetylene Methane Illuminating Gas(neon and hydrogen cyanide) Nitrogen Carbon monoxide Ethylene
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_______ directly correlates to the speed at hich a material will evaporate once it is released from its container
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Vapor pressure
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___________ describes the ability of a substance to dissolve in water
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water solubility
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Think of PH as
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Potential of Hydrogen
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Generally, substances with pH values of 2.5 or lower or 12.5 and high are considered to be _______
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strong corrosive or acid or base values
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Strong ______ will react more aggressively with metallic substances such as steel and iron
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corrosives
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________ is a function of the energy of the indivual particle or waves, rather than a function of the number of particles or waves present
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Ionization
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_______ refers to any type of electromagnetic radiation that does not carry enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules
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non-ionization
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___________ americium (found in smoke detectors) polonium ( identified in cigerette smoke), radium, radon, thorium, and uranium
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Typical alpha emitters
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____________ trituium ( luminous dials on gauges), iodine ( medical treatment), and cesium
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Common beta emitters
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_________ cesium (cancer treatment and soil density testing at construction sites) and cobalt ( medical instrument sterilization)
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Typical Gamma radiation sources
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TRACEMP
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Thermal, Radiation, Asphyxiation, Chemical, Etiological, Mechanical, Psychogenic
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Signs and symptoms of ________ exposure may include pinpoint pupils, tearing of the eyes, twitching muscles, loss of bowel and bladder control, and slow or rapid heartbeat
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nerve agent
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The bottom line is that an exposure to a _____ is not an automatic death sentence
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nerve agent
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Sulfur mustard produce injuries similar to _________ and ________ thermal burns
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Second-degree and third-degree
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_______ is very persistent in the enviroment when released. It can remain intact, sticking to the ground or other surfaces for several days.
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Sulfur mustard
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_______ when absored by the skin, this blister agent may produce some symptoms specific to arsenic poisoning, such as vomiting and low blood pressure.
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Lewisite
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_______ prevent the body from using oxygen
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Cyanide compounds
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________ has a odor of bitter almonds
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Hydrogen Cynide
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Some of the typical signs and symptoms of _______ exposure include vomiting, dizziness, watery eyes, and deep and rapid breathing
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Cyanide exposure
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Some commonly recognized choking agents include_____, ______, and ______
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Chlorine, phosgene and chloropicrin
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The main threat of chocking agents are _______?
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Pulomonary edema
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_______ can be dispersed from canisters, hand held sprayers, and grenades
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Irritants
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_____ are capable of causing ______ or seizures when absored by the body
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Convulsants
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Toxicology and the four ways that chemicals enter the body
1________ 2________ 3_________ 4_________ |
Inhalation, Absorption, Ingestion, and Injection
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Any work enviroment containing less than _______ oxygen is considered to be oxygen deficient
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19.5 percent
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When considering protection against airborne contamination, it is important to understand the _____ of the contamination, it's ______, and the impact that the concentration might potentially have on oxygen levels in the area.
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Origin, Concentration, impact
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_______ is the process by which hazardous materials travel through body tissues into they reach the bloodstream
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Absorption
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Firefighting gear provide little or no protection against ____________
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Liquid chemicals
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_________ list hazardous materials in numerical order buly the chemical identification number
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Yellow section
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_______ list the hazardous chemicals alphabetical order
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Blue section
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_______ the most important section of the ERG. It's 62 guides provide basic response information for specific groups of chemicals
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Orange
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__________ provides information on the evacuation/ isolation distances for specific chemicals
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Green section
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____ list reference resources, including who to call for assistants, placarding information, rail and highway vehicle identification charts, and a glossary of key terms
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White pages section
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