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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Vertabrate
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A chordate animal with a backbone the mammal, reptile (inc. birds) amphibians, sharks and rays, finned fishes and lobe-fin
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Notochord
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longitudinal, flexible rod that runs along the dorsal axis of an animals body in the future position of the vertebral column
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Pharyngeal Cleft
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in chordate embryos,grooves that separate a series of pouches along the sides of the pharynx and many develop into pharyngeal slits
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Pharyngeal Slits
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in chordate embryos, slits that form from the pharyngeal clefts and communicate to the outside, later developing into gill slits in many vertebrates
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Tunicates
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Members of the subphylum Urochordate sessile marine chordates that lack a backbone
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Lancelets
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Members of the subphylum Ceohalochordata, smal blade-shaped marine chordates that lack a backbone
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Neural Crest
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A band of cells along the boarder where the neural tube pinches off from the ectoderm. the cells migrate to various parts of the embryo and form the pigments cells in the skin and bone of the skull, the teeth the adrenal glands, and parts of the peripheral nervous system
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Conodonts
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An early soft bodied vertebrate with prominent eyes and dental elements.
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Placeoderms
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Member of the extinct class of fish like vertebrates that had jaws and were enclosed in a tough, outer armor
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Acanthodians
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any of a group of ancient jawed fish from the Devonian period
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Lateral Line System
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a mechanoreceptor system that consists of a series of pores amd receptors units (neuromasts) along the sides of the body in fishes and aquatic amphibians, detects water movements made by the animal itself and by other moving objects
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Oviparous
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referring to a type of development in which the young hatch in eggs outside the mothers body.
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Ovoviviparous
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referring to a type of development in which the young hatch in eggs that are retained in the mothers uterus
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Viviparous
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referring to a type of development in which the young are born alive after having been nourished in the uterus by blood from the placenta
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Cloaca
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A common opening for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts found in many non-mammalian vertebrates but in few mammals
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Operculum
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in aquatic osteichthyans, a protective bony flap that covers and protects the gills
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Swim Bladder
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in aquatic osteichthyans, an air sac that enables the animal to control its buoyancy in the water
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Ray-finned Fishes
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Member of the class Actinoptergii, aquatic osteichthyans with fins supported by long flexible rays, including tuna, bass and herring
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Lobe-fin
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Members of the vertebrate subgroup Sarcopterygii, osteichthyans with rod shaped muscular fins, inc. coelacan this and lung fishes as well as the linage that gave rise to tetrapods
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Tetrapods
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a vertebrae with two pairs of limbs including mammals, amphibians and birds and other reptiles.
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Amphibians
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Member of the tetrapod class Amphibia, including salamanders, frogs and caecilians
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Amniotes
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Member of a clade of tetrapods that have an amniotic egg containing specialized membranes that protects tje embryo, including mammals and birds and other reptiles
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Extraembryonic Membranes
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Four membranes that support the developing embryo in mammals and birds and other reptiles.
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Ectothermic
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referring to organisms that do not produce enough metabolic heat to have much effect on the body temperature.
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Endothermic
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referring to organism with bodies that are warmed by heat generated by metabolism. this heat is usually used to maintain a relative stable body temperature higher than that of the external environment
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Parareptiles
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First major group of reptiles to emerge, stocky quadrupedal herbavoirs; died out in late Triassic period
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Diapsids
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member of the amniote clade distinguished by a pair of holes in each side of the skull, including the lepidosaurs and archosaurs
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Leidosaurs
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Member of the reptilian group that includes lizards, snakes and two species of New Zealand animals called tuataras
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Archosaurs
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Member of the reptilian group that includes crocodiles, alligators, dinosaurs and birds.
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Pterosaurs
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winged reptile that lived during the time of the dinosaurs
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Dinosaur
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Member of an extremely diverse group of ancient reptiles varying in body shape, size and habitat
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Theropods
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A member of an ancient group of dinosaurs that were bipedial carnivores
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Ratites
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Member of a group of flightless birds
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Mammals
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Member of the class mamalia amniotes with mammary glands that produce milk
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Monotremes
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An egg laying mammal, represented by the platypus and echidna
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Marsupials
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A mammal such as a koala, kangaroo or opossum whose young complete their embryonic development inside a maternal pouch called the marsupium
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Placenta
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A structure in the pregnant uterus for nourishing the fetus with the mothers blood supply; formed from the uterine lining and embryonic membranes
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Opposable Thumbs
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An arrangement of the fingers such that the thumb can touch the ventral surface of the fingertips of all four fingers
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Anthropods
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A member of the primate group made up of apes, orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, and monkeys and humans
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hominoids
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A term that refers to great apes and humans
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Paleoanthropology
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the study of human orgins and development
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Hominids
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A species on the human branch of the evolutionary tree; a member of the family hominidea, including homo sapiens and our ancestors
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Mosic evolution
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The evolution of different features of organisms at different rates
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