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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the program of the cell?
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genetic code
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DNA:
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the nucleic acid that stores and transmits genetic info.
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nucleotides are made up of:
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1. deoxyribose
2. a phosphate group 3. a nitrogenous base |
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What are the nitrogenous bases for DNA?
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Adenine
Guanine Cytosine Thymine |
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Adenine and guanine are:
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purines
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Thymine and cytosine are:
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pyrimidines
(Think: cytosine has sin in it... sin isn't pure...purines) |
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DNA is in a:
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double helix
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base pairing
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the attraction between
adenine and thymine & guanine and cytosine |
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replication:
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The copying process to duplicate DNA
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DNA replication begins:
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when the molecule of DNA is unzipped
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RNA:
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the nucleic acid that acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes. It also carries out the process by which proteins are made.
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transcription:
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the process by which a molecule of DNA is copied into a complementary strand of RNA.
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polymerase:
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enzyme that seperates strands of DNA and synthesizes an RNA messenger strand.
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Nitrogenous bases for RNA:
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Adenine, URACIL, cytosine, and guanine.
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Base pairing for RNA:
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Adenine and Uracil
Guanine and Cytosine |
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codon:
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Each combination of 3 nucleotides
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Each codon:
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specifies a particular amino acid that is to be placed in the polypeptide chain.
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translation:
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the decodin of mRNA into a polypeptide chain.
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3 types of RNA:
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tRNA, mRNA, ribosomal RNA
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Process of DNA ->mRNA-> tRNA
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ex:
DNA TTT AAA GGG CCC mRNA AAA UUU CCC GGG tRNA UUU AAA GGG CCC |
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Does DNA direct all three RNAs?
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YES
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anticodon:
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the 3 nucleotides on tRNA
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protein synthesis occurs where?
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ribosomes
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