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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is gender?
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behavioral and psychological traits considered appropriate for men and women p262
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What are gender roles?
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specific behaviors and attitudes that a society establishes for men and women p262
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What is gender identity?
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the awareness of being masculine or feminine as those traits are defined by culture p263
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What is a patriarchy?
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system in which men are dominant over women p265, 302
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What is sexism?
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belief that one sex is by nature superior to the other p265
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What was the women's movement?
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social movement that supported the idea that the sexes are socially, politically, and economically equal p268
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What is suffrage?
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the right to vote p268
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What is the wage gap?
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the level of women's income relative to that of men p269
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What is the glass ceiling?
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the invisible barrier that prevents women from gaining upper-level positions in business p269
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What is second shift?
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the phenomenom of individuals having to complete household duties after working away from home p270
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Give an example of gender inequality in the area of education.
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in education -- still gender distinctions in degree majors, fewer women pursuing doctoral or professional degrees, and less funding for women's college athletics
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Give an example of gender inequality in the area of employment.
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in employment - still a wage gap and a glass ceiling for women
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Give an example of gender inequality in the area of politics.
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in politics - underrepresented in political offices
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How do gender expectations differ for men and women in the United States?
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Men are expected to be more adventuresome, aggressive, physically active, and career-oriented; women are expected to be more passive, and more involved in the home and child care.
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How are gender roles affected by socialization in America?
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Children learn American gender-role behaviors through socialization, such as in the family or at school
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What is ageism?
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belief that one age category is by nature superior to another age category p272
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What does the phrase "the graying of American" mean?
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the phenomenon of the growing percentage of elderly Americans as part of the total US population p273
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What is the baby-boom generation?
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collective term for the approximately 76 million children born in the United States from 1946 through 1964 p274
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What is the dependency ratio?
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the number of workers for each person receiving Social Security payments p274
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What is Medicare?
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government-sponsored insurance plan for elderly or disabled persons p 275
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What is Medicaid?
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state and federally funded health insurance program for people with little or no money p275
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What are some factors that are leading to the "graying of America"?
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The aging baby-boom generation and the decline in the birthrate following that generation, and increasing life expectancies because of advances in health care and better living conditions
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How has the aging of the population affected American society?
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Elderly people have become a political force and a topic of debate, bringing greater attention to issues such as Social Security and Medicare
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How does social inequality affect Americans 65 years of age or older?
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Many elderly Americans face discrimination because of ageism or live in poverty, particularly minorities.
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What four main areas does the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) address for persons with disabilities?
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employment, public services, public accommodations, and telecommunications p277
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What wide range of conditions does the term disabilty cover?
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physical disabilities, chronic health impairments, mental retardation, mental illness, visual, hearing, and speech impairments p276
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What is the ADA?
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The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 - laws the help people with disabilities in four main areas: employment, public services, public accommodations, and telecommunications
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What are some laws aimed at helping the disabled to gain the civil rights afforded to other groups?
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the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990), the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, and the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 pp276-277
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In what major area does the handicapped still face discrimination?
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employment
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What is managed care?
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the use of health-insurance plans to help control health care costs p 281
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What is alternative medicine?
Provide some examples. |
treating illnesses with unconventional methods such as acupuncture, biofeedback, massage, meditation, yoga, herbal remedies, and relaxations techniques p 285
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What is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?
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fatal disease caused by a virus that attacks an individual's immune system, leaving the person vulnerable to a host of deadly infections p286
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What are three major concerns Amercans have about health care?
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cost of health care, quality of care, and access to care
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What are some major health care issues that have been at the center pf public debate in recent years?
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health insurance, alternative medicine, and AIDS (other answers are possible)
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How is the HIV virus that causes AIDS transmitted?
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HIV is transmitted through sexual contact, contaminated blood and tissue, and the use of contaminated hypodermic needles p286
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What groups are at the highest risk of becoming infected with HIV?
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homosexuals and bi-sexual men, intrvenous drug abusers, the sexual partners of high-risk persons, persons receiving blood transfusions, the babies of high-risk mothers p286
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How have patterns of HIV transmission changed in recent years?
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the number of new cases among homosexual and bisexual men has dropped; the cases of AIDS cases contracted through heterosexual sex has risen p286
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What affect have powerful new drugs had on AIDS cases?
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the numbers of new AIDS cases have begun to decline, AIDS deaths have decreased and the numbers of people living with AIDS have increased p286-287
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AIDS is a global problem. What area of the world is currently the hardest hit?
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Sub-Saharan Africa, where some 70% of HIV and AIDS suffers live and it is affecting the economy
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Explain how the wage gap and the glass ceiling can be used to illustrate gender inequality.
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Men earn more than women for the same jobs and are much more likely to be promoted to higher positions.
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How has the phenomena "second shift" helped to create a "leisure gap" between men and women?
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Married working men have more free time on average than married working women because the latter are often responsible for most household duties in addition to their careers.
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How are gender roles and gender identity related to the experiences of boys and girls?
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Gender roles and gender identity influence how boys and girls are treated while growing up, how they behave, and what expectations adults have of children.
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How has the aging of the population affected American society?
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Older Americans have become a more powerful voice in poitics and society, but the graying of America has also put a strain on the economy and government as more people collect Social Security benefits.
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What effects have the aging of the population had on the opportunities in life available to elderly people?
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The aging of the population has increased political power for elderly people and led to less age discrimination, although many elderly people still face ageism and proverty. Since people live longer they also may be able to pursue a second career, travel or work on hobbies.
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What health-care issues are causing concern among Americans?
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cost of health care, quality of health care, and access to health care
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What is AIDS, and why is it considered such a pressing medical issue?
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AIDS is an epidemic that spread throughout the world since 1981, causing many deaths. No cure has been found, and the cost of treating the disease continues to rise.
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What is the dependency ratio?
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the number of worker for every person receiving Social Security benefits
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What is managed care?
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health-insurance plans that try to control costs and in which members pay a set monthly or annual charge for health-care services;
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What is alternative medicine?
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treating illnesses with unconventional methods
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What are some examples of alternative medicine?
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acupuncture, biofeedback, massage, meditation, yoga, herbal remedies, and relaxation are some examples; other examples are possible
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