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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemistry
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the study of matter and the transformation it undergoes
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matter
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anything that occupies space and has mass
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solids
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rigid shape, fixed volume. external shape reflects atomic and molecular arrangement
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liquids
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no fixed shape, may not fill a container completely
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gases
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expand to fill container, good theoretical understanding
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macroscopic
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what we can see
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particulate
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what we cannot see
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chemical elements
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pure substances that cannot be decomposed by ordinary means to other substances.
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atom
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smallest particle of an element that has its chemical properties. it consists of a nucleus (protons and nuetrons) and electrons in space about the nucleus.
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molecule
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smallest unit of a compound that retains the chemical characteristics of the compound.
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kinetic nature
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how fast particles move in space.
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compound
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when elements form a bond. elements form compounds.
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mixture
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when elements coexist but dont form a bond.
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physical properties
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color, melting and boiling point, density, and odor
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density
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a physical property; D=m/v; it is an intensive property of matter; depends on temp; it depends on the temperature of the smaple, usually the volume inc when the temp inc which dec the density.
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intensive property
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does not depend on quantity of matter: density, temp
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extensive property
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depends on quantity of matter: mass, volume
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physical changes
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the changes in physical properties. the identity of the substance is preserved.
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chemical change/ chemical reaction
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transformation of one or more atoms or molecules into one or more different molecules
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qualitative
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observations of rxns based on color and physical state
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quantitative
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measurements which involve numbers
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SI units
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(based on metric system) temp, length, mass, and time
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fahrenheit b/f pt.
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boling 212*F
180*F Freezing 32*F |
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celsius b/f pt.
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boiling 100*C
100*C freezing 0*C |
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kelvin b/f pt.
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boiling 373*K
100*K freezing 273*K |
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kelvin formula
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K= C+273
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Celcius formula
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C= K-273
C= (F-32)/1.8 |
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Fahrenheit formula
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F= (1.8)(C)+32
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determinate error
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caused by faulty instruments and/or human error
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indeterminate error
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inknown cause and cannot be controlled by the scientist.
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error=
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expt. detd. value - accepted value
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percent error=
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(error)/(accepted value)x 100
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