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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Groups are located in what columns?
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Vertical columns.
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Periods are located in what columns?
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Horizontal columns.
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elements in group 1A are known as the what?
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Alkali Metals
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Elements in group 2A are known as the what?
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Alkaline earth metals
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Elements in group 7A are known as the what?
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Halogens
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Elements in group 8A are known as the what?
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Noble gases
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The elements found in the zigzag line are known as what?
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metalloids
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The block of elements in the center of the periodic table are known as?
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Transition elements
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The elements found in the first two columns to the left and the last six columns to the right are known as the what?
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representative elements
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Electrons have what type of charge?
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Negative
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Protons have what type of charge?
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Positive
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Neutrons have what type of charge?
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Neutral
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what subatomic particle's are found in the nucleus?
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Protons and neutrons
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What occupies the space surrounding the nucleus?
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Electrons
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the atomic number is the number of what?
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Protons in an atom
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The number above the elemental symbol is the what?
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Atomic number
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An atom is electrically.....positive, negative or neutral?
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Neutral
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The overall charge of an atom is what?
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Zero
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The mass number is the sum of what?
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protons and neutrons
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The number under the elemental symbol is the?
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Mass number
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Atoms of any one element can have a different number of what?
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Neutrons
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Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are known as what?
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Isotopes
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Why would we use an atomic symbol?
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To distinguish between the different isotopes of an element
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in an atomic symbol, where are the mass and atomic numbers located?
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Mass is in the upper left corner and atomic is in the lower left corner.
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Define atomic mass
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the weighted average of the masses of all of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element.
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What is the relative charge of a proton?
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+1
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What is the relative charge of a neutron?
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0
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What is the relative charge of an electron?
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-1
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Will the atomic number and mass numbers stay the same in an Isotope?
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The atomic number will, but the mass number will change
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The weighted average of the masses of all of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element is called the what?
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atomic mass
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What group of elements on the periodic table are not reactive and seldom found in combination with other elements?
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8A- the noble gases
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Soft shiny metals
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Alkali metals
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shiny, malleable, ductile and good conductor of heat and electricity
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metal
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elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals
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metalloid
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Shiny, poor conductor of heat and electricity
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nonmetal
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The maximum number of electrons allowed in any energy level is calculated using the formula..
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2n(2)
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A region in an atom where there is the highest probability of finding an electron is called an...
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Orbital
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a notation used to indicate the placement of the electrons of an atom in order of increasing energy.
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electron configuration
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The s block includes what groups?
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1A and 2A
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The p block includes what groups?
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groups 3A to Group 8A (not including the B's)
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Electrons in the outermost energy levels are known as...
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Valance electrons
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the distance from the nucleus to the energy level that contains the valence (outermost) electrons...
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atomic radius
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A diagram that shows the distribution of electrons in the orbitals of the energy levels is called an
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orbital diagram
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An orbital holds how many electrons?
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2
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What shape is the s orbital?
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spherical: Round
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S orbitals increase in size when?
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when the energy level n value increases
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P orbitals are found in what shape?
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figure 8
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In electron configuration abbreviations for what elements do we use He, Ne, or Ar?
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He= 3-10
Ne= 11-18 Ar= 19-36 |
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A negatively charged ion is called what?
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anion
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A positively charged ion is called what?
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Cation
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When atoms of one element combine with one or more atoms of a different element we call it what?
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A compound
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A sharing of valence electrons by atoms is what type of bond?
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Covalent bond
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A sharing of valence electrons by atoms is what type of bond?
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Covalent bond
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The group of symbols representing the elements in a compound with subscripts for the number of each is called a what?
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Formula
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an atom or group of atoms having an electrical charge because of a loss or gain of electrons is called what?
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an ion
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the attraction between oppositely charged ions is called what?
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ionic bond
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the difference between the number of protons and the number of electrons, written in the upper right corner of the symbol for the ion is called its what?
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ionic charge
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What is the octet rule?
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Representative elements react with other elements to produce a noble gas configuration with eight valence electrons.
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A group of covalently bonded atoms that has on overall electrical charge are called what?
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Polyatomic ions
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elements with 8 valence electrons are known as what?
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Octet
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In most covalent bonds who gains and who loses electrons?
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Metal loses and nonmetals gain
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