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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle |
It is impossible to know botht the momentum and position of a particle at the same time with total accuracy. |
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Aufbau Principle |
Electrons fill subshells within an energy level from lowest to highest |
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Pauli Exclusion Pronciple |
No pair of electrons can have the same four quantum numbers. |
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Hund's Rule |
Electrons filling orbitals in a subshell with equal energy first spread out before pairing up. |
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Why can Hydrogen represent both Group 1A and 7A? |
It can either lose 1 electron (1s^0) to represent Group 1A or gain 1 electeon (1s^2) to represent Group 7A. |
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- Why do elements with high ionization energies also have more positive electron affinities? - Which elements have the highest ionization energies? Lowest? |
- The smaller the atom, the higher the attraction between the electrons and nucleus. High attraction = Difficult to remove an electron (High Ionization Energy). It then follows that it would be favorable to add an electron (High Electron Affinity). |
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Radioactive Decay |
Natural process which results in new elements being formed. |
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Nuclear Transmutation |
A manmade process which results in the formation of desired elements through bombardment of certain particles. |
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Nuclear Reactions vs Chemical Reactions |
Nuclear: - Elements are converted into a new isotope of the same element (or different elements) through gain or loss of electrons, protons and neutrons. - Involves a larger amount of energy being absorbed or released.
Chemical: - Elements mix and react with each other to form new elements and compounds. - Involves a significantly smaller amount of energy being absorbed or released.
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Half-Life |
The amount of time it takes for exactly one-half of a radioactive element to decay. |