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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes a weak acid? Give examples.
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ionizes only partially in dilute aqueous solution.
EX: hydroflouric acid (HF) hydrocyanic acid (HCN) acetic acid (HC2H3O2) hydrosulfuric acid (H2S) carbonic acid (H2CO3) hypochlorous acid (HClO) |
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What do you call a substance that can act as an acid OR a base?
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amphoteric
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How many different molecular shapes are there?
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7 (linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, bent, trigonal bipyramidal, octahedral)
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LINEAR
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp
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TRIGONAL PLANAR
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp2
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TETRAHEDRAL
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp3
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TRIGONAL PYRAMIDAL
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp3
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BENT
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp3
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TRIGONAL BIPYRAMIDAL
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp3d
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OCTAHEDRAL
describe shape name hybridization of central atom |
sp3d2
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Define ELECTROLYTE and give examples
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ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electrical current
EX: sodium chloride (NaCl) |
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NEUTRALIZATION
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acid + base = salt + water
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EQUILIBRIUM EXPRESSION
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products/reactants
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Define equation for BOYLE'S LAW.
Direct or inverse? |
P1V1=P2V2 (inverse)
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Intermolecular is (stronger/weaker) than intramolecular force.
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weaker
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What is the strongest intermolecular force?
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Hydrogen
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Describe dispersion (or London dispersion)
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weakest of intermolecular forces.
results in temperature shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds |
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Describe dipole-dipole
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polar atoms are permanently dipole-dipole. stronger than dispersion force.
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Describe hydrogen bonding.
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special type of dipole-dipole of molecules that contain hydrogen bonded to a small highly electronegative atom with at least one lone electron pair.
can bond with oxygen, nitrogen, and flourine. strongest intermolecular force. |
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Define COMBINED GAS LAW and give equation.
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combination of Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws. states relationship among pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas.
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 |
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Give equation for CHARLES LAW.
Direct or inverse? |
V1/T1=V2/T2 (direct)
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Give equation for GAY-LUSSAC'S LAW.
Direct or inverse? |
P1/T1=P2/T2 (direct)
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Give equation for IDEAL GAS LAW.
What do n and R stand for? |
PV=nRT
R=ideal gas constant n=# of particles |
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Give equation for converting from Celsius to Kelvin.
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C + 273 = K
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Give equation for Liters to moles of gas.
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1 mol of gas=22.4 L
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Give equation for MOLARITY.
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# of mol solute/L solution=M
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Define SOLVATION.
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process of surrounding SOLUTE particles with SOLVENT particles to form a solution.
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ARRHENIUS ACID reacts with ____ to form ____ and ____.
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Arrhenius acid reacts with arrhenius base to form a salt and water.
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What remains after a proton is released from an acid?
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Base.
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Bronsted-Lowry
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acid=hydrogen ion donor
base=hydrogen ion acceptor |
