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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Compound? |
A substance which contains Atoms of two or more Elements. |
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What are Elements made up of? |
One type of Atom. |
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What do Mixtures consist of? |
Two or more Elements or Compounds (not chemically combined). |
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What are the three ways of Separating Mixtures? |
•Filtration •Crystallisation •Simple Distillation |
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What is Filtration? |
A process used to separate soluble solids from insoluble liquids. |
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What is Crystallisation? |
A process used to obtain a soluble solid from a Solution. The process involves: 1)Gently warming the Mixture. 2)Leaving the water to evaporate leaving pure salt crystals. |
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What is Simple Distillation? |
A process used to obtain a solvent from a Solution. |
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What is Crystallisation? |
A process used to obtain a soluble solid from a Solution. The process involves: 1)Gently warming the Mixture. 2)Leaving the water to evaporate leaving pure salt crystals. |
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What is Simple Distillation? |
A process used to obtain a solvent from a Solution. |
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What is the Required Practical associated with Separating Mixtures? |
Back (Definition) |
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What is Fractional Distillation? |
A process used to separate Mixtures in which the components have different boiling points. |
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What is Chromatography? |
A process used to separate the different soluble coloured components of a mixture. |
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What is the history behind the Scientific Model of the Atom? |
•In early Models, Atoms were thought to be tiny spheres that couldn’t be divided into smaller Particles. •In 1898, Thomson discovered Electrons (changing the Model), at this stage an Atom had no Charge. •Thomson thought that Atoms were negative Electrons surrounded by a sea of positive Charge (Plum Pudding Model). •In 1913, Geiger and Marsden carried out an experiment in which they bombarded a thin sheet of Gold with Alpha Particles (most of the Particles passed through the Atoms, a tiny number were deflected back towards the source). •Rutherford studied these results and concluded that the positive Charge in an Atom must be concentrated in a very small area. This “area” was later known as the Nucleus, resulting at the Model being known as the Nuclear Model. •Later Bohr deduced that Electrons must orbit the Nucleus and thus being known as the “Nuclear Model”. •20 years later, James Chadwick provided evidence that Neutrons within the Nucleus. •Later Experiments led to the idea that the positive Charge of a Nucleus could be subdivided into a whole number of smaller Particles, and this Protons were discovered. |
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What is the radius of an Atom? |
1 x 10 ^-10 metres. |
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What is the Atomic Number? |
The number of Protons in an Atom. |
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What is the Mass Number? |
The sum of the Protons and Neutrons in Atom. |
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What is an Isotope? |
Atoms of the same Element that have the same Atomic Number but a different Mass Number. |
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What happens when Metal Atoms lose Electrons? |
They become Positive Ions. |
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What happens when Non-Metal Atoms gain Electrons? |
They form Positive Ions. |
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What are Group 0 Elements? |
Noble Gases, which have a full outer shell of Electrons. This means that they are very stable. The Boiling Points of the Noble Gases increase down the group. |
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What are the Group 1 Elements? |
The Alkali Metals. They have: •One Electron in their outermost shell. •Low Melting & Boiling Points that decrease group. •High |
