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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In the International System of Units, the unit of energy is the: A. Calorie B. Degree C. Coulomb D. Newton E. Joule |
E. Joule |
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If heat is absorbed by the system during a chemical reaction, the reaction is said to be |
D. Endothermic |
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C. Exothermic |
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If the ΔG°' of the reaction A → B is -40kJ/mol, the reaction: |
A. Will proceed spontaneously from left to right. |
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Which of the following compounds has the largest negative value for the standard free energy change (ΔG°') upon hydrolysis? |
A. Phosphoenolpyruvate |
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All of the following contribute to the large negative free-energy change upon hydrolysis of the “high-energy” compounds except:
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C. Low activation energy of the forward reaction. |
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The term “high–energy bond” refers to
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C. One for which hydrolysis releases a useful amount of energy. |
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The hydrolysis of ATP can be used to drive reactions that have a ΔG°' that is |
B. Less than +30.5 kJ/mol. |
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Which of the following compounds that are found in the cell does not have a large negative free energy of hydrolysis? |
D. 3-phosphoglycerate. |
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The standard free energy changes for the reactions below are given
Phosphocreatine → creatine + Pi ΔG°' = 43.0kJ/mol
ATP → ADP + Pi ΔG°' = -30.5kJ/mol
A. -12.5kJ/mol |
A. -12.5kJ/mol |
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The hydrolysis of ATP has a large negative ΔG°', nevertheless the molecule is stable in solution. This stability is due to:
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C. The hydrolysis reaction having a large activation energy. |
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According to the equation ΔG = ΔH – T ΔS, a reaction can be spontaneous under all the following conditions, except:
A. When ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative. |
A. When ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative. |
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Gibbs free energy is the energy available to do work at:
A. Constant pressure.
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D. Constant pressure and temperature. |
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The value of ΔG equals zero when:
A. The reaction is just getting started. |
C. Equilibrium has been reached. |
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Almost all of the oxygen (O2)one consumes in breathing is converted to:
A. Carbon dioxide (CO2) |
B. Carbon monoxide (CO) and then to carbon dioxide |
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The conversion of NAD+ to NADH is an example of reduction because
A. The pyridine ring loses electrons (and a hydrogen). |
B. The pyridine ring gains electrons (and a hydrogen). |
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In the coenzyme FAD the site to which electrons are transferred is:
A. The ribose moiety of the molecule.
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D. A nitrogen-containing ring system. |
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The coenzyme NADPH differs from NADH because it
A. Is the oxidised form of NADH. |
E. Has an additional phosphate group. |
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Most of the reaction of electron transport in the mitochondria occurs?
A. In the outer membrane. |
B. In the inner membrane. |
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The oxidation of a particular hydroxyl substrate to a keto product by mitochondria has a P/O ratio of 2. The initial oxidation step is very likely directly coupled to the:
A. Reduction of a pyridine nucleotide. |
B. Reduction of a flavoprotein. |
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If the mitochondrial electron carriers are artificially oxidised and NADH is then added to the system, the last carrier to become reduced is:
A. Cytochrome a3.
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A. Cytochrome a3. |
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Because multiple steps are involved in electron transport, the following occurs:
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C. More energy can be captured to synthesize ATP by small steps. |
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Succinate dehydrogenase is located in which complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain?
A. Complex I. |
B. Complex II. |
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The only complex which actually uses oxygen in mitochondrial respiratory chain is: |
D. Complex IV. |
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If electron transfer in tightly coupled mitochondria is blocked with antimycin A between cytochrome b and cytochrome c, then:
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E. All ATP synthesis will stop. |
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The electron carriers in electron transport which are not membrane-bound include:
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A. Cytochrome c |