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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Means of or against the law |
Antinomianism |
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Processism |
Everything in the world is in a constant state of flux, no abiding moral laws, rules of life are constantly changing |
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Hedonism |
Believes pleasure is the essence of what is good and pain is the essence of evil. Nothing is absolutely good or evil, what may be good for you can be evil for someone else and vice versa |
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Skepticism |
One should never consider anything as absolutely right or wrong, there is always more than one side to an argument, since we do not know the facts, we cannot judge whether anything is right or wrong |
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Intentionalism |
Right is done with good intention, bad is done with bad intention |
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Voluntarism |
Everything is relative to God's will, which can change, this means moral law is arbitrary and subject to change |
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Nominalism |
No universal good, all reality is individual and exists only in the mind |
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Utilitarianism |
One should act so as to produce the greatest good for the greatest number in the long run |
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Act Utilitarianism and Rule utilitarianism |
Act Utilitarianism: we can only judge the act of the person at that time Rule Utilitarianism: we should have rules based on the tendencies of the bad outcomes |
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Existentialism |
Man’s highest duty to God sometimes transcends all ethical laws. Man has the right to do his own thing. What really counts is experience. NOW! One creates his own meaning |
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Evolutionism |
right is what aids the evolutionary development of mankind and wrong is what hinders it |
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Emotivism |
• Ethical pronouncements are merely expressions of our subjective feelings and not divine imperatives about moral duty |
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Subjectivism |
• There is no objective meaning or value to life. Man is absolutely free and everything is relative to what the individual wills |
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Situationism |
• Everything is relative to the situation |
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Summary of the "isms" |
• No God-given moral laws• No objective moral laws• No timeless moral laws• No law against law, we are just free not to choose law and to be a law unto ourselves. Civil law is fine if citizens choose to abide by it but that can be changed at any time (not universal) |
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Five Criticisms of the "isms" |
1. They are self-defeating2. They are way too subjective3. They are too individualistic 4. They’re ineffective5. They’re irrational |
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Unqualified Absolutism |
• All moral conflicts are only apparent; they are not real, sin is always avoidable (historic Anabaptist) |
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Conflicted Absolutism |
• Moral conflicts happen. Choose the lesser of the two evils and pray for forgiveness (historic Lutheran) |
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Graded Absolutism |
• Moral conflicts happen. Follow the highest moral law. If you do you are justified and free of guilt (historic reformed) |
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Romans 1:21-25 |
For although they knew God, they did not honor Him as God or give thanks to Him, but they became futile in their thinking and their foolish hearts were darkened. 22) Claiming to be wise, they became fools. 23) and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man and birds and animals and creeping things. 24) Therefore, God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the dishonoring of their bodies among themselves. 25) because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen. |
