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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
arteries
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carry blood away from the heart; thick round and red
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capillaries
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these are thin walled tissues which is the site of water, gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between blood and interstitial fluid
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veins
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return blood to the heart; drain capillaries; thin flat and blue
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lymphatic vessels
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returns surplus interstitial fluid and small protein that escape capillaries to larger veins
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lymph nodes
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site of lymphocyte production and storage
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closed circulatory system
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this allows for higher blood pressue, more rapid distribution of materials, and control over the amount of blood going to different regions of the body
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right atrium
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receives oxygen depleted blood and carbon dioxide enriched blood from most of the body
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cranial vena cava
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drains head neck and arms and returns blood to the right atrium
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caudal vena cava
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drains the caudal parts and inner organs of the body and returns blood to the right atrium
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path of deoxgenated blood to the caudal vena cava
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hepatic portal vein... hepatic sinusoids (in liver)...hepatic veins...caudal vena cava
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tricuspid
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a three flapped valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
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bicuspid
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a two flapped valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
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left atrioventricular valve
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tricuspid
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right atrioventricular valve
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bicuspid
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right ventricle
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receives blood from the right atrium; this then pumps blood to the lungs
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left ventricle
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receives blood from the left atrium; pumps to the aorta
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pulmonary trunk
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leaves the right ventricle which then branches into the pulmonary arteries and gets pumped to the lungs
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aorta
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this carries oxygen rich blood to the rest of the body; it is located on the left side of the body and it runs toward the pelvis
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coronary arteries
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leaves the base of the aorta and leads to the capillary bed in the heart wall
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cardiac veins
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drains the heart wall; it returns oxygen depleted blood to the right atrium through the coronary sinus
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internal thoracic vessels
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a pair of veins and arteries that pass on each side of the sternum; they extend from the base of the neck onto the ventral side of the sternum
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left coronary artery (great cardiac vein)
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found on the ventral surface of the heart; it separates the left and right ventricles
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left and right auricles
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dark colored and ear-shaped they lie on the cranial end of the heart above the right and left atria
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left phrenic nerve
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supplies the diaphragm; lies on one side of the vena cava
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right phrenic nerve
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supplies the diaphragm lies on the side of the cranial vena cave and extends down along the caudal vena cava
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ductus arteriosis
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opening between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta; this opening allows for the blood in fetal pig the bypass the lungs
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Left Azygos Vein
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receives much of the drainage from the thoracic wall; it lies lateral to pulmonary arteries
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arch of the aorta
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where the aorta arches to the left side of the body
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descending aorta
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where the aorta runs caudal to the arch of the aorta
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external jugular veins
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2 large veins that lie superficially on he lateroventral surface of the neck
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Cephalic vein
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lies just beneath the skin on the side of the arm; typically enters the external jugular near its base; they drain most of the head and neck and part of the should region
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internal jugular veins
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lie close to the trachea just lateral to the common carotid arteries; drain part of the inside of the skull
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where do the external and internal jugular veins meet?
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they come together to form the subclavian veins coming from the shoulder and the arms
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brachiocephalic vein
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a short vein that receives the second subclavian vein
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brachiocephalic vein and the cranial vena cava
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the right and left subclavian veins come together on each side to form the brachiocephalic vein which leads to the cranial vena cava
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"subclavian" vein
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when it's beneath the clavicle in a human
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"axillary" vein
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when it passes through the armpit (axilla)
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"brachial" vein
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when the vein enters the arm
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subscapular vein
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drains the medial side of the scapula and enters either the subclavian or the axillary
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internal throracic veins
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enters the ventral surface of the cranial vena cava shortly caudal to the point where the vena cava is formed
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costocervical veins
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can be found closer to the heart, but more deeply because they enter the dorsal surface of the cranial vena cava; they are accompanied by the costocervical arteries
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brachiocephalic trunk
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branches off the arch of the aorta and lies laterally to the left subclavian artery
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left subclavian artery
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branches off the arch of the aorta and lies laterally to the brachiocephalic trunk
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costocervical trunk
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supplies the deep muscles of the neck
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highest intercostal artery
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goes to the cranial intercostal spaces
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vertebral artery*
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supplies parts of the brain
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internal thoracic artery
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most easily seen branches of the subclavian artery
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thyrocervical trunk
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supplies the thyroid gland and superficial parts of the neck; beside the internal thoracic artery and vein
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axillary artery
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subclavian artery after crossing first rib (until the armpit)
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brachial artery
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the artery that enters the arm
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external and internal carotid arteries
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supplies the superficial and deeper parts of the head
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vagus nerve*
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a white strand that is part of the autonomic nervous system
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Sympathetic Chord*
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part of the autonomic nervous system
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intercostal arteries
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supplies intercostal muscles between ribs caudal to those supplied by highest intercostal artery
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Left azygos vein
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where most of the left and right intercostal veins collect; crosses dorsal side of heart and forms coronary sinus
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Coronary sinus
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receives small cardiac veins from the heart; enters the right atrium beside entrance of caudal vena cava
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renal arteries
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2 large; supply kidneys
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renal veins
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2; drain kidneys; enter caudal vena cava
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cranial abdominal artery
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supplies back in kidney region
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cranial abdominal vein
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drains back in kidney region
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testicular/ovarian arteries
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arise from aorta caudal to renal arteries
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Sympathetic Chord*
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part of the autonomic nervous system
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intercostal arteries
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supplies intercostal muscles between ribs caudal to those supplied by highest intercostal artery
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Left azygos vein
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where most of the left and right intercostal veins collect; crosses dorsal side of heart and forms coronary sinus
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Coronary sinus
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receives small cardiac veins from the eart; enters the right atrium beside entrance of caudal vena cava
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renal arteries
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2; large; supply kidney
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renal veins
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2; drain kidneys; enter caudal vena cava
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cranial abdominal artery
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supplies back in kidney region
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cranial abdominal vein
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drains back in kidney region
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testicular/ ovarian arteries
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arise from aorta caudal to renal arteries
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testicular/ ovarian veins
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enter caudal vena cava or L vein may enter L renal vein
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Caudal mesenteric artery
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medial; leaves aorta near gonadal arteries and soon branches; cranial branch supplies much of colo
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Lumbar arteries
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arise from dorsal surface, go deep into back muscle
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lumbar veins
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accompany lumbar arteries and enter caudal vena cava
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external iliac arteries
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dorsal to ureter
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deep circumflex iliac artery
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lateral branch; supplies some of pelvic muscles
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deep circumflex iliac vein
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accompanies artery
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external iliac vein
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accompanies artery
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femoral artery/vein
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where external iliac vein/artery enters leg
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umbilical arteries
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carry blood from fetus to placenta distal parts of bifurcation of aorta that continue into umbilical cord
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internal iliac artery
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short proximal part of aortic bifurcation together with small dorsal branch extending into pelvic cavity
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common iliac vein
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where internal iliac and external iliac veins unite; joins caudal vena cava
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median sacral artery
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terminal branch of aorta; small
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caudal artery
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where median sacral artery enters tail
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median sacral and caudal vein
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accompany coresponding arteries
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pulmonary arteries
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carry deoxygenated blood to lungs; at bifurcation of pulmonary trunk
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pulmonary veins
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carry oxygenated blood from lungs to LA; caudal to pulmonary arteries
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root of the lung
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where pulmonary blood vessels and bronchi enter and leave lung
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interatrial septum
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divides left and right atria
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foramen ovale*
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connection between r and L atria in fetal pig; perforate interatrial septum; allow blood to pass between atria and bypass lungs
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fossa ovalis
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depression that marks remainder of foramen ovale after permanent closure at birth
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sinuatrial node*
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aka pacemaker; specialized bulge of cardiac muscle in atrial wall between foramen ovale and entrance of cranial vena cava
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tendinous cords
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anchor margins of atrioventricular valves to ventricular wall; permit flap to close, but prevent from everting into atria
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pulmonary valve
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prevents in pulmonary trunk from backing up into RV; 3 semi-lunar shaped packets
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aortic vlave
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resembles pulmonary vlave; lies in basse of aorta
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ductus venosus
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channel that passes blood through liver bypassing sinusoids; enters caudal vena cava
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