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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Atavism |
Refers to the idea that a person or feature of an individual is a throwback to an earlier stage of evolutionary development. |
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Cerebrotonic |
Type of temperament or personality associated with an ectomorphic (thin) body type: these people tend to be introverted & shy. |
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Craniometry |
Belief that the size of the brain or skull represents the superiority or inferiority of certain individuals or ethnic or racial groups. (Larger brains/skulls were considered superior) |
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Determinism |
Assumption that human behavior is caused by factors outside of free will and rational decision making. (Biology, peer influence, poverty, bad parenting) It us the distinctive, primary assumption of positivism. |
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Ectoderm |
The outer layer of tissue which includes the skin, capillaries, and much of the nervous systems sensors. |
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Ectomorphic |
Type of body shape associated with an emphasis on the outer layer of tissue (ectoderm) during development: ppl are disposed to be thin. |
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Endoderm |
Inner layer of tissue in our bodies: digestive organs |
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Endomorphic |
Type if body shape associated with an emphasis on the inner layer of tissue (endoderm) during development: disposed to be obese |
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Eugenics |
Study of and use of policies related to improvement of the human race via discriminatory control over reproduction. Improve a species over generations by selective breeding |
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Feeblemindedness |
Those who had significantly below average levels of intelligence |
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Mesoderm |
Middle layer of tissue in our bodies: muscles, tendons, none structure |
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Mesomorphic |
Type of body shape associated with an emphasis on the middle layer of tissue: disposed to be athletic/muscular |
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(MPAa) Minor physical anomalies |
Physical structures such as asymmetrical or low seated ears: believed to indicate developmental problems - prenatal stage in the womb |
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Phrenology |
Science determining human dispositions based on distinctions in the skull(bumps) : believed to conform to the shape of Brain |
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Physiognomy |
Study of facial & other bodily aspects to identify developmental problems; criminality |
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Somatotyping |
William Sheldon. Links body types to risks for delinquent/criminal behavior. It's a way of ranking body types based on 3 categories: endomorphy, medomorphy, ectomorphy |
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Somotonic |
Type of temperament or personality associated w/ a mesomorphic (muscular) body type: ppl tend to be risk taking & aggressive |
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Stigmata |
Lombroso. Physical manifestations of atavism (biological inferiority). Claimed that if a person had more than 5, they were a born criminal, meaning that a person or feature of an individual is a throwback to an earlier stage of evolutionary development & inevitably would be a chronic offender - Big ears, long arms, sharp teeth, eyes wide apart, eyes closer than normal, big puffy cheeks, excessive body hair, etc. |
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Viscerotonic |
Type of temperament or personality associated with an endomorphic (obese) body type: ppl tend to be jolly, lazy, happy go lucky |