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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are electrons ?
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Electrons are negatively charged particles. Valence electrons are the farthest away from the nucleus.
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What is a proton
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Protons are positively charged particles.
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What is a neutron?
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Neutrons are uncharged particles or nutural.
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What is a valence electron?
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Valence electron are negatively charged and are farthest away from the nucleus the outer most shell
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What does it mean when an atom is "balanced"?
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When the atom is neutral with the same amount of protons and electrons, a balanced atom carries an electrical charge of zero.
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What are the electrical charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
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Protons +
Neutrons uncharged Electons - |
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What are elements and what are they made of?
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Elements are made up of one or more of the same atoms, all elements are shown on the periodic table.
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What categories can elements be divided up in to?
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Elements are divided into two categories:
*Metal *Non- Metal |
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What are some examples of elements?
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*Carbon, Iron, Aluminum, and Copper.
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What is the atomic number?
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The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.
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What is ionization?
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Ionization is the process by which an atom looses or gains valence electrons.
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What is an isotope?
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An isotope is an atom that varies from the normal atomic mass. An isotope may contain more or less neutrons.
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What is the periodic table
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The periodic table shows all elements: Alkali metals, Alkaline earth metals, Transition metals, other metals, nonmetals, noble gasses, metalloids
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What is the difference between horizontal rows on the periodic table?
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Horizontal rows are called periods. The size of atoms decrease as you go from left to right in a row.
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What is the vertical columns use for on the periodic table?
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Vertical columns are called groups. The elements in groups are based on similar properties. Groups contain elements with the same number of valence electrons. The size of atoms increase as you go from the top to the bottom of a column.
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What is Quantum Mechanics?
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Quantum Mechanics is the study of energy levels, motion analysis and probability theories that predict the motion and behavior of electrons.
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What are the energy levels of an atom?
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There are 7 energy levels of an atom (K,L,M,N,O,P Q)K is the closest to the nucleus with the lowest energy and Q the farthest with the highest energy
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What are sublevels?
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Energy levels are subdivided with sublevels in between and labeled as (s,p,d,f,g,h,i) each sublevel has a maximum number of electrons it can contain
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What is the quantum number and what is it used for
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The quantum number is used to determine the maximum number of electrons per shell.
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What is the inportance of the valence electron?
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Valence electrons determine the type of bonding an atom or ion can have, it also controls the property of the element
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What is the difference between the elements on the far left column and the far right comumn of the periodic table?
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elements on the left side of the table are less stable due to only one valence electron, as compaired to the right side elements have full outermost shell and are the most stable.
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When is an atom is most stable?
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When the element has a full outermost shell which are the valence electrons such as inert or noble gasses
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