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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Early geologists discovered evidence of past glaciations in ____________ valleys
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u shaped |
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What is an example of sedimentary structures? |
ripple marks |
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What is a desiccation crack? |
- Drying sediment
– Evidence of shallow water – Evidence of evaporation |
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What is an alluvial fan |
a fan-shaped mass of alluvium deposited as the flow of a river decreases in velocity.
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Alluvial fans provide evidence of _________, undergo rapid ________ and draw down _____ from the atmosphere |
tectonic, erosion and Co2 |
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Coal deposits provide evidence of _________ vegetation |
luxuriant
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Coal deposits are major _________ _______ and lower the level of C02 |
carbon sinks |
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How many gigatons of of carbon did carboniferous forests remove from the atmosphere? |
3000gt |
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Chalk is the remains of _______________ that increase ocean albedo and release dimethyl sulfide (cloud nuclei).
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phytoplankton
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Volcanic activity causes short term cooling due to ________ |
aerosols |
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Volcanic activity causes long term warming if there is a ______________________- |
sustained release of C02 |
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Where do evaporate deposits usually happen |
subtropical arid zones |
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What is caliche? |
fossil carbonated enriched soil |
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Where does caliche form? |
places where there is high rates of evaporation |
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Where do laterite and bauxite form |
hot and wet tropical climates |
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To reveal ancient climate, we use trace elements in _________ _________ to estimate temperature |
carbonate shells |
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Fossils can indicate the mean annual ____________ |
perception |
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In plant fossils, stomatal density is used to estimate _____ ___________ in the atmosphere.
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CO2 concentration
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_____________, ______________, _____________Rock cores as indicators of environmental change |
Change in sediment composition, change in sediment chemistry, oxygen/carbon isotopes |
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In the _________ period the sun was weaker than it is today |
Late Proterozoic
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The carboniferous period was an _________ world because the continents were located around the poles. There were also major coal deposits, high c02 and lots of swamps |
icehouse world |
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The _________ world was large areas isolated by oceans. |
permian |
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The permian world had tons of |
deserts |
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In the permian world, the ocean had no deep ocean ventilation which made the water _______ and part of the ocean became _______ |
toxic, anoxic |
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The triassic period happened after the permian era. Since the climate had recovered from the previous era, dinosaurs were..... |
more suited for this environment |
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Cretaceous world was very hot and filled with C02 because of the...
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volcanic activity |
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in the Cretaceous world, sea levels were _____ higher than what they are today
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100m |
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Even though the Cretaceous world had poor ventilation in the oceans, there was no _________ ___________ |
major extinction |
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The temperature was the highest it ever was in the ________ era. This was due to rapid spikes in.... |
Paleogene. C02
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Earths return to the icehouse 50 million years ago saw in increase in... |
1. mountains increasing
2.ice sheets growing and a decrease in 1. sea level falling 2.temperature falling |
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__________ became isolated in the Oligocene epoch. India started colliding with asia as well |
Antarctica |
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The miocene was the period where the Antarctic got ________ ____ and the Himalayas were building |
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The temperature in the miocene was _________ than it is today |
2-4 degress higher
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