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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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amputation
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the removal of all or part of an extremity
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arthritis
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joint (arthr) inflammation (itis)
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arthroplasty
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the surgical replacement(plasty) of a joint (arthr)
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closed fracture -or- simple fracture
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The bone is broken but the skin is intact
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open fracture -or- compound fracture
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The broken bone has come through the skin
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fracture
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A broken bone
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gangrene
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A condition in which there is death of tissue
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hemiplegia
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paralysis (plegia) on one side (hemi) of the body
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paralysis
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Loss of motor function; loss of sensation, or both
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paraplegia
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Paralysis in the legs and trunk
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quadriplegia -or- tetraplegia
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Paralysis in the arms, legs, and trunk
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ADL
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Activities of daily living
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ALS
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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CVA
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Cerebrovascular Accident -or- Stroke
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MS
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Multiple Sclerosis
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RA
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Rheumatoid Arthitis
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ROM
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Range-of-Motion
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TBI
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Traumatic Brain Injury
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TIA
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Transient Ischemic Attack
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Describe stroke (brain attack) and the care required
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Stroke is a disease affecting the arteries that supply the blood to the brain. Happens when one of these 2 happens; a blood vessel bursts causing bleeding in the brain- or - a blood clot blocks blood flow to the brain. Brain cells in the affected area do not get enough oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells die. Brain damage occurs. Functions controlled by that part of the brain are lost. 3rd leading cause of death in the U.S. and the leading cause of disability in adults. Blood flow to the brain must be restored as soon as possible. The person needs emergency care. If the person lives,some brain damage is likely. Functions lost depend on the area of brain damage. Behavior changes occur, the person may forget about or ignore the weaker side-this is called neglect.. It is from the loss of vision or movement and feeling on that side. sometimes thinking is affected. The person may not recognize or know how to use common items. Activities of daily living (ADL) and other tasks are hard to do.The person may forget wha
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Parkinson's Disease-describe and care required
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Is a slow and progressive disorder with no cure. The area of the brain controlling muscle movements is affected. persons over age 50 are at risk. Signs and Symptoms become worse over time. Tremors, rigid stiff muscles, slow movements, stooped posture and impaired balance mask like expression. Other signs and symptoms develop over time. Medications to treat & control the disease. Exercise and physical therapy are ordered to improve strength, posture, balance, and mobility. Therapy is needed for speech and swallowing problems. May need help with eating and self care. normal elimination is goal.
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Explain how to assist in the care of persons after total joint placement surgery
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-Incentive spirometry and deep breathing and coughing exercises
-Elastic stockings to prevent thrombi (blood clots) in the legs -Exercises to strengthen the hip or knee-physical therapist -Measure to protect the hip -Food & Fluids for tissue healing & to restore strength. -Safety measures to prevent falls -Infections prevention measures -measures to prevent pressure ulcers -assist devices for moving, turning, re-positioning, and transfers -Assistnace with walking & a walking aide. Person may need a cane, walker, or crutches. |
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Care required for osteoporosis
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Prevention, calcium and vitamin supplements. estrogen for some women. exercising weight bearing joints-strength training, no smoking, limit alcohol and caffiene, back supports or corsets if needed for gbood posture, walking aids if needed, safety measures to prevent falls, good body mechanics, safe handleing, moving, transferring and turning and positioning procedures
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Cast Care
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-do not cover cast with anything
-turn patient every 2 hours or as directed in care plan -do not place wet cast on hard surface -support the wet cast with your palms when turning and positioning the person -Report rough cast edges -keep the cast dry -don't let the person insert anything into the cast -elevate a casted arm/leg on pillows -Have enough help to turn and re-position the person -position as directed - follow care plan -report pain, swelling, pale skin, cyanosis, odor, inabiltiy to move fingers, numbness, temperature changes, drainage on or under the cast, chills, fever, nausea, and vomiting -Complete safety check when leaving room |
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Traction
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Good alignment
do not move the person keep the weights off the floor do not add or remove weights check for frayed ropes perfofm ROM exercises as directed position the person as directed provide the fracture pan give skin care as directed put bottom lines on the bed from the top down check pi, nail, wire or tong sites for redness observe for the signs and symptoms listed under cast care complete safety check before leaving |
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Amputation
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Affects the person's life Body image, appearance, daily activities, movement and work are some areas affected. Fear shock and anger denial and depression are common emotions and much support is needed.
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Quality of Life
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The care plan depends on the person's problems and needs. The care you give affects the person's quality of life. Safety, good alignment, and turning and re-positioning are important. So is skin care. Quality of life issues discussed for such are apply. Always protect the person's rights. Privacy confidentiality, and personal choice are examples. Also guard agianst abuse, mistreatment and neglect.
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