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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Perception Process |
selection, organization, interpretation |
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Selective Exposure |
deliberate choices we make to experience or to avoid experiencing particular stimuli |
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Selective Attention |
focusing on one message and ignoring others |
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Selective Retention |
storing information we want to use later on |
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Perceptual Set |
allows our past experiences to control our perceptions so we ignore information that is different or has changed about an event, object, or person |
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Stereotyping |
categorizing of events, objects, and people without regard to unique individual characteristics and qualites |
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Why is it important to keep an open-mind? |
our perceptions may not be complete or accurate |
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2 sub-components of self-concept |
-self-image - how we see ourselves -self-esteem - our feelings and attitudes toward ourselves or how we evaluate ourselves |
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3 things that impact the development of self-concept; why are they important? |
attitudes, values, beliefs; the way you shape yourself |
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Impression Management |
the creation of a positive image of oneself to influence perceptions of others. |
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How is self-concept affected by others? |
determined by a specific combo of cultural norms and behaviors |
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How is self-concept affected by gender? |
the way you dress, act, and others respond |
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How can you enhance your self-concept? |
-decide what you want to change -how do you feel about yourself -make a commitment -reasonable goals -specific actions -associate with positive people |
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Communication vs. Self-concept |
communication affects our self-concept, and our self-concept influences how and what we communicate |
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Listening with Empathy |
the intellectual identification with vicarious experiences of the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of another |
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To over come a barrier you have too... |
keep and open mind |
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Hearing vs. Listening |
-listening - receiving and responding to messages -hearing - sound received by hear |
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Stages of Effective Listening |
1. hearing 2. understanding 3. remembering 4. thinking 5. interpreting 6. evaluating 7. responding |
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Functions of Listening |
to obtain information, to evaluate, with empathy, for enjoyment |
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Barriers to Effective Listening |
uninteresting, criticizing speaker instead of message, concentrating on details, avoiding difficult listening, distractions, faking attention, bias, perfered thinking |
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How to Improve our Listening Competence |
1. recognize the importance of listening effectively 2. think of listening as an active behavior the requires conscious participation 3. recognize that a willingness to work and a desire to improve are essential to increasing listening effectiveness |
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Uncertainty Reduction Theory |
when people meet, they often seek to reduce uncertainty about each other |
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Social Exchange Theory |
people weigh the costs and benefits associated with entering a relationship and seek out relationships that benefit then while avoiding those that dont |
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What role does self- disclosure play in relationships? Why do we self-disclose? |
the closer the relationship the more self-disclosure; we self-disclose to get people to understand us |
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Appropriate Self-disclosure |
when you trust the other person |
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Why should privacy boundaries be made clear? |
it can cause arguements |
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How does cultural background impact self-disclosure? |
if in the same culture you relate more |
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Interpersonal Attraction |
the desire to interact with someone based on a variety of factors |
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Knapp and Vangelisti: Stages of Coming Together |
1. initiating 2. experimenting 3. intensifying 4. integrating 5. bonding |
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Knapp and Vangelisti: Stages of Coming Apart |
1. differentiating 2. circumscribing 3. stagnating 4. avoiding 5. terminating |
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Signs of Relationship Trouble |
aggressive behavior, lies, betrayal |
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Duck's Phases of Dissolution |
1. intrapsychic 2. dyadic 3. social 4. grave-dressing
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Interpersonal Conflict |
an express struggle between 2 people who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from others in achieving their goals |
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What causes conflict? |
faulty communication, faulty attributions, faulty perceptions, personality traits |
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When is conflict destructive? |
ends with a winner or loser, act to aggressively, prevents from doing work, forces us to do things, outcome more important than relationship |
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When is conflict beneficial? |
bring out problems that need to be solved, bring people together, eliminate resentment, bring out creativity, pay attention to others POV |
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Conflict Management Strategies |
withdrawing, accommodating, forcing, negotiating, collaboration |
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Relational Repair Strategies |
open and honest communication, bring out positive side, evaluate potential rewards, seek out support from others, willing to focus on positive, willing to interpret others behaviors, reduce negativity |