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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
statins
SE? absolute CI? relative CI |
myopathy and increased LFTs
abs ci = active or chronic liver dz relative = use of certain drugs -- cyclosporine, macrolides (erythry, azithro, clarithromycin), antifungals, cyp450 inhibitors (etoh, sulfa, inz) |
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LDL/HDL/TG changes by statins
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50/15/30 = statins
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no chnage in TGs
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bile acid
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LDL/HDL/TG changes by bile acid sequesterers
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30/5
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LDL/HDL/TG changes nicotinic acid
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25/30/15
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LDL/HDL/TG changes fibrates
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20/20/50
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best drugs to use LDL
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statins - 50
bile acids - 30 nicotinic acid - 25 |
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best drugs for HDL
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nicotinic acid (35) >
fibric acid (20) statin (15) |
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best drugs for TG
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fibric acid (50
statin - 30 nicotinic acid - 15 |
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SE for bile acids
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GI and constipation and decreased absorption of other drugs
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CI for bile acids
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absolute = TG>400, dysbetalipoproetinemia
relative = TG>200 remember, these don't act on TGs |
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CI for nicotinic acid
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chronic liver diz and gout
relative: DM (increased glc), hyperuricemia, PUD |
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SE of nicotinic acid
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flushing
hypergluc hyperuricemia GI Hepatotox |
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fibric acids - CI? SE?
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CI = abosulte CI with severe renal or liver disease
SE = dyspepsia, gallstones, myopathy |
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give mechs for niacin
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inhibits lypolysis in fat tissue
decreases secretions of VLDL into the blood by the liver |
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only drug that is totally fine to use with a statin without caution
mech? |
bile acid sequestrants -- prevent intestinal absorption of bile acids so liver uses cholesterol to make more
ezetamide - prevents cholesterol reabsorptoin from the gut -- only affects LDL |
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always check lfts when usings which 2 lipid drugs
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statins and fibrates
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loop diuretic major SE
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hypokalemia
ototoxicity loops lose ca sulfa allergy can use with reduced GFR but be careful, can cause interstitial nephritis |
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aldosterone antagonists SE
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sprionolactone, epleronone = K sparing
hyperK gyencomastia ED |
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ACEI
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cough
hyperK angioedema |
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THIAZIDES
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chlorthalidone, HCTZ
hypergluc ED low K |
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ARB
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less cough
hyperK less angioedema |
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CCB
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DHP = amlodipine = edema
NON-dhp=verapamil, dilt -- dizzy |
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BB
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brady
bronchocontstriction eD hyper TG hyperglc depression masks hypglycemia in DM |
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Metformin (biguanide)
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Decrease gluconeogen; insulin sensitizer
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DM drugs that cuase:
wt loss? wt neutral? the rest add lbs |
loss = exenatide --risk of GI and pancreatitis = increases glc dep insulin secretion but A1c goes down only by 0.5%
wt neutral = metformin; a1c down by 1.5%, can't use with kidney and liver failure -= watch for lactic acidosis |
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Closes K channels in B cells to stimulate insulin release via Ca influx
ddx |
sulfonylureas (glyburide, glimepride, glipizide) - sulfa rx, risk of hypoglycemia
and Glinides (repaglinide, nateglinide) -- can use with CKD patients (repaglinide only), used if pt has a sulfa allergy, less hypoglycemia risk, but more expensive both can cause wt gain both decrease aic by 1.5 |
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delays gastric emptying and decreases glucagon
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pramlintide
use with type 1 or 2 |
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delays gastric emptying and decreases glucagon
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pramlintide
use with type 1 or 2 |
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decreases CHO absoprtion in the gut
major SE |
a glucosidase inhibitor -- acarbose, miglitol
diarrhea and gas |
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decreases CHO absoprtion in the gut
major SE |
a glucosidase inhibitor -- acarbose, miglitol
diarrhea and gas |
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increases glucose dependent insulin secretion = secratogoue
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exenatide -- glp1 mimetic
causes wt loss only used as add on |
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increases glucose dependent insulin secretion = secratogoue
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exenatide -- glp1 mimetic
causes wt loss only used as add on |
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blocks decreasdation of glp 1 and gip to increase insulin secretion
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ddp-4 inhibitor sitogliptan
only used as add on -- add to metformin + sulfonylurea if needed not a lot of evidence here |
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blocks decreasdation of glp 1 and gip to increase insulin secretion
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ddp-4 inhibitor sitogliptan
only used as add on -- add to metformin + sulfonylurea if needed not a lot of evidence here |
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CI in renal failure
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metformin
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CI in renal failure
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metformin
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