Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
key aspects of non-democratic political regimes
|
what is their relationship between state and society:
extent to which gvmt uses insistitutions of the state to shape citizens interests and ideologies institutions of the regime: how leaders chosen or removed from office |
|
|
2 principles that define non-dem political regimes
|
1. selectorate = subset of the population that chooses leader (very small)
2. Accountability= leader is accountable to selectorate and selectorate accountable to leader only nothing towards people |
|
|
How do non-democratic regimes work? define too
|
Individuals in a non-democratic regime are subject to hierarchical gov and have little to no freedom to speak out against gov.
Both totalitarian and authoritarian lack accountability and involve hierarchial relationships where states dominate society |
|
|
What are the types of non-democratic regimes?
|
Selectorate differences in various regimes: rules governing use of power, rules for choosing leader, size of selectorate, membership criteria of selectorate.
|
|
|
monarchy
|
there are no rules for governing use of power
- people have no control in choosing leader - selectorate is small - family based leadership eg. UK, Japan, Malaysia |
|
|
oligarchy
|
-very small
-consists of economic elites -lots of $ qualifies for admission former Soviet Union |
|
|
single-party
|
= has the most rules for leaders to follow in terms of power
selectorate has complete control in electing leader, size of selectorate is larger, criteria for admission is being an elite party member. no competition can make whatever policy China Japan |
|
|
Theocracies
|
- religious rules govern use of power
- consists of religious elites -bigger than monarchy - military - personalistic regimes but smaller than single party state. IRAN |
|
|
Military regimes
|
- military decides who is qualified for junta
- the selectorate is limited to military elites NORTH KOREA |
|
|
personalistic regimes
|
personal leader determines selectorate has to be as small as possible: composed of military friends family economic elites
no rules for governing power mock shows Putin's Russia? Putin's labyrinth |
|
|
totalitarian regimes
|
mobilize people to think the same way
-develop dogmatic (thought to believed to be automatically true) views - engage in mass mobilization of their societies - seek to erase border between public and private sphere by force - downplays nationalisim social/politcal pluralism= minimize -private lives controlled by: official regime party (control over state and society) - threat of violence - ideologies imposed completely - eliminate pluralism political social and economic control violence NAZI GERMANY North Korea |
|
|
authoritarian
|
no mobilization
tolerate social pluralism limit political pluralism through violence (control it) china and russia |
|
|
what is the key difference between democratic and non democratic regimes?
|
representation of the people:
free and fair elections everyone is equal under law- right to trial by jury accountability no rep of people violence and oppression tactics limited freedom of speech less accountability |
|
|
what is the key diff between authoritarianism and totalitarianism
|
author= permits social pluralism not political
totalitarian= minimizes social and political pluralism |
|
|
Types of authoritarian regimes
|
- monarchy
- oligarchy |
|
|
what are main ways fascism and commi ideologies differ?
|
fascism: racism and ntnlism; one race rises to the top to rule. repression and violence used to endorse nationalism
commi: distribute econ wealth as much as possible and one group of elites rule |
|
|
what are the differences between the rules leaders have in non-democratic regimes
|
f
|
|
|
what is the most important way which leader and selectorate differs in non-democratic regimes
|
f
|
|
|
authoritarian strategies
|
violence
propaganda ritual selective benefits elections |
|
|
how is totalitarian ideology distributed
|
broadcasted
set of principles updated bureaucratrats hired to spread gvmt propaganda oppression if one goes against gvmt totalizing attempts to reshape everyone |
|
|
what kind of regime is russia?
|
authoritarian
|
|
|
why hasn't russia become democratic?
|
- just finished up with a cold war
- changes to economic and political systems - historical legacy of gvmt centralization - difficult to maintain power in a vast diverse population - consequences of economic reforms in 90's led to starvation |
|
|
how have russia's insitutitions shaped distribution of power today?
|
- centralized power in executive authority
- economy reliant on institutions |
|
|
russian gvmt
what is duma? |
lower house
|
|
|
what is the fed council
|
reps of upper house 166 members- 2 of which from subject areas
|
|
|
how have ethnic and other ID's shaped Russia? summ table
|
ethnicity: 20% non-russians; Chechnya violence has created instability
nationalism: high creates stable political economy |
|
|
how have russia's state institutions shaped the distribution of power today? summ table
|
After Soviet Union collapsed, Russia was weak, authorities had trouble turning formal powers into real control over vast country
|
|
|
which interests are most influential in Russia and how have these shaped post-commi politics summ table
|
no more oligarchs but business and gvmt intertwined labor unions starting to be heard about gvmt control
United Russia vs. Commi Party only source of political opp |
|
|
why has russia had issues consolidating democracy do you think?
|
f
|
|
|
what is democracy
|
a politcla system in which leaders accounted for
majority rule has accountability participattion and contestation |
|
|
how do we tell democracy from non democracy
|
- regulation elections in a democracy
- authoritarian hold reg elections too - how people vote - restrictions free speech, media, -elections but can't speak out against party |
|
|
extreme eample of gvmt econ regulation
|
Russia b/c own land, factories employed workforce
|
|
|
what does a free market look like?
|
Hobbes: state of nature is bad
brute force would win make agreements between people for gvmt structure can pollute as much as they want |
|
|
example of a free market
|
firms compete HONG KONG competition
|
|
|
example of non-free market
|
low economic growth so no firm competition NORTH KOREA
|
|
|
how to measure gvmt intervention
|
- rule of law (property rights, freedom from corruption, invest in housing security_
- limited gvmtgvmt spending - regularity efficiency: business freedom, labor and monetary freedom open markets ( trade freedom, investment and financial freedom |
|
|
free market or lots of gvmt intervention
|
free market b/c: more efficient, better wages
property rights issue lots of gvmt intervention: econ growth due to gvmt hard to set up business |
|
|
arguments for free market or interventionalist state?
|
free market:
equal opporitunity- gvmt doesn't hold you back interventionalist: intervenes to control state |
|
|
main types of market failure
|
1. excludable public goods
2. monopolies everywhere 3. externalities |
|
|
why are some countries rich and others poor?
|
depends on timing of formation and effectiveness of state institutions
|
|
|
how does the state get involved?
|
- protect prop rights
- own regular businesses - subsidies - fiscal monetary policy - regs on businesses - gvmt bail outs |
|
|
arguments for democracy versus non democracy
|
no dem: leaders must respond to social interests spending and raising taxes for economically unimportant things
dem: rule of law; prop rights no non dem: leaders corrupt, wasreful, and inefficient managers of society |
|
|
how do colonial legacies influence econ development?
|
managed to establish policies promoting econ growth
powerfully and successfully projected power to other newer states some are actually the weakeest states (former colonies) |
|
|
how has china developed strong state and econ w/o becoming democratic?
|
from the late 1970's to the present: economy boosted after the Square incident
|
|
|
Given the changes in communist ideology in China, how does the CCP hold power?
|
- Chinese institutions:
1) Chinese Commi Party members hold top gvmt psitions> always in control of chinese state 2) The government: policy making endorsing CCP policies 3) NTL People's congress: debates law making process 4) local gvmt: help to manage all of China decentralization necessary 5) People's liberation Army: reports to CCP not gvmt |
|
|
How have Chinese ID's changed in past 60 years?
|
increased sense of freedom but to what extent?
|
|
|
How do people fulfill their interests
|
military: increased spending to stay up to par
media: testing gvmt's patience |
|
|
similarities in political processes of china and dem regimes
|
fsaz
|
|
|
difference in china political processes and other authoritarian regimes
|
f
|
|
|
Why does Putin have such popular support?
|
Economy is doing well
Institutional> controls media got rid of oligarchs |
|
|
Role of oligarchs in Russia?
|
- people didn't like them b/c $$$ wasn't proportionate
- owned banks - less political influence; political opposers |
|
|
How do the main institutions of Russian gvmts work
|
Pg. 177
|
|
|
Why did Soviet Union collapse?
|
4
|
|
|
China's dual nature (3 examples)
|
1.) Secular city versus religious rural
- embracing commi - antit-commi - commi is watching closely (communism takes away individuality) 2) rich city verus poverty 3) economic freeedom vs poliyical freedp\om |
