Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is hypoperfusion or shock?
|
Lack of oxygen throughout the body, including vital organs and other tissues. Chptr 28 pp 690
|
|
|
What are the signs of hypoperfusion?
|
Abnormal skin signs (pale, cool temp) / Altered mental status (confusion, sluggish, decrease responce) / Abnormal vital signs (increase pulse, respirations and decrease bp)Chptr 28 pp 691
|
|
|
What are vessels that carry blood away from the heart? ( most often larger vessel)
|
Arteries which are under pressure.Generally bright red blood because it is oxygenated. Chptr 28 pp 691
|
|
|
What are the components of blood?
|
Plasma (clear, yel fluid) / Red Blood Cells (transports o2 & carbon dioxide to & frm tissues) /White Blood Cells (fight infection) / Platelets (for blood clotting) Chptr 28 pp 693
|
|
|
What is approx blood loss from a womens menstrual cycle?
|
40-60 cc (8-12 teaspoonsfuls)
People donate a pint of blood and go home for blood drives. Chptr 28 pp 694 |
|
|
What are the quanities of blood loss that are life threatening for adult, child and infant?
|
Adult-One liter (1,000 cc)
Child (1-8 yr)-One half liter (500 cc) Infant (less than 1 yr)-100-200 cc Chptr 28 pp 694 |
|
|
What two mechanisms are automatically triggered when you have damage to soft tissues?
|
1)Injuried vessels constrict in an attempt to slow blood loss. 2)A clot forms at the site of the injury. Chptr 28 pp 696
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of bleeding from veins?
|
Veins carry blood back to heart and are under less pressure than arteries. Darker color than arteries.Chptr 28 pp 698
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of bleeding from capillaries?
|
Capillaries are the tiny vessels that connect to arterioles & venules. Scraped needs, etc.Chptr 28 pp 699
|
|
|
Three progressive steps to control bleeding?
|
Direct pressure.
Elevation. Pressure points. Chptr 28 pp 699 |
|
|
What is a preffered position when elevating a injury to control bleeding?
|
In most case, placing the pt in a supine position will make it easier to elevate an injured extremity. Chptr 28 pp 700
|
|
|
What are the four pressure points for controlling bleeding from an extremity?
|
Right & left brachials.
Right & left femorals. Chptr 28 pp 701 |
|
|
What are the procedure for placing a pressure bandage to control bleeding (skill station test)?
|
1. Apply direct pressure with gauze.
2. Maintain direct pressure with elevation. 3. Apply additional dressing. 4. Apply a pressure bandage. (not too tight) 5. Firm pressure to pressure point 6. o2 7. Care for shock with lie down-legs up & warmth.Chptr 28 pp 703 |
|
|
What are overall step when treating a pt for external bleeding?
|
1. BSI 2. Initial assessment 3. control bleed with direct pressure, elevation & pressure points 4. o2 5. rapid & focused trauma assess 6. Immobilize the injured extremity 7. Transport 8. Ongoing assess 9. watch for shock signs-rapid transport. Chptr 28 pp 705
|
|
|
Should a possible fractured "angulated extremity" be straighten and when would you not straighten a possible fracture?
|
Yes, "Straightening an agulated long bone fracture will make it easier to immobilize... If the injury involves a joint and the pt is unable to move the limb, do not attempt to straighten it." Chptr 28 pp 707
|
|
|
When controlling bleeding, in what order should a tourniquet be used?
|
"last resort measure". Chptr 28 pp 708
|
|
|
What are the steps for applying a tourniquet?
|
1)partner applies direct pressure & elevation. 2)fold triangular bandage approx 2-4 " wide 3)bandage just above injury site 4)stick over the half knot & tie knot over 5)rotate til distal pulse goes away 6)secure stick with 2nd bandage 7)document time / put TK on forehead. Transport ASAP Chptr 28 pp 709
|
|
|
What is an alternate method for a tourniquet?
|
"place a bp cuff just above injury site. Palpate distal pulse and inflate the cuff until the pulse goes away" Chptr 28 pp 709
|
|
|
What are the precautions when using a tourniquet?
|
Wide bandage (2-4") / no rope, string / do not remove unless by medical direction / keep tourniquet in open view / If possible, do not apply directly to a joint. Chptr 28 pp 710
|
|
|
What is treatment for epistaxis or "nose bleed"?
|
1)pt in sitting position and have him lean forward 2)Use gloved hand to apply direct pressure by pinching the fleshy portion of nostrils 3)Reassure the pt and keep him calm & quiet.
|
|
|
What are the approximately 10 signs and symptoms of shock?
|
Increase pulse (tachycardia),respiration, capillary refill time / altered mental / decrease bp / thirst / weak peripheral pulses / pale,cool,clammy skin / sluggish & dilated pupils / nausea &/or vomitting. Chapter 28 pp 712
|
