Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is crude oil?
|
A mixture of hydrocarbons
|
|
|
How do you separate hydrocarbons?
|
Fractional distillation
|
|
|
What is a hydrocarbon?
|
A compound made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only
|
|
|
How does fractional distillation work?
|
The hydrocarbons with a low boiling point rise to the top before condensing whereas those with a high boiling point fall to the bottom
|
|
|
Name the six main fractions obtained and their uses;
|
Refinery gases-domestic heating and cooking
Gasoline - petrol, car fuel Kerosene- Paraffin, airplane fuel Diesel- Gas oil, lorry fuel Fuel oil- Ship fuel Bitumen- Road surfacing |
|
|
Equation for complete combustion of hydrocarbons in excess oxygen
|
hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
|
|
|
Why is carbon monoxide bad?
|
It is poisonous and binds preferentially with rbcs preventing the cells from carrying oxygen.
|
|
|
Give the two possible equations for incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons using CH4 as hydrocarbon
|
CH4 + 1.5O2 -> CO +2H2O
CH4 + O2 -> C + 2H20 |
|
|
What else in hydrocarbons contributese to pollution?
|
Because fossil fuels contain nitrogen and sulphur compounds from proteins of once living things, these can react with oxygen to produce their oxides which contributes to acid rain
|
|
|
What is the process whereby long chain hydrocarbons are made into smaller, more useful hydrocarbons
|
catalytic cracking
|
|
|
What does cracking usually produce?
|
One alkane and one alkene
|
|
|
Name a possible catalyst for cracking
|
porous pot
aluminium oxide |
|
|
What temperature and what catalyst is used for industrial cracking
|
600-700 degrees
silica or alumina |
|
|
What is cracking?
|
the thermal decomposition of a hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst
|
|
|
The higher the boiling point of the fractions, the .......... the viscosity
|
higher viscosity
|
