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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 principles of rehab and conditioning:
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See page 524
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The ___ ___ provides medical care to an organization, school, or team. They may specialize in a variety of fields, including family medicine, pediatrics, and orthopedics. THEY make the final determination of an athlete's readiness for return to competition.
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team physician
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The ___ ___ is the person typcially responsible for the day-to-day physical health of the athlete. Primary duties are management, rehab of injuries with the prescription of sport-specific exercise and the application of prophylactic equipment (tape, braces). Plays a key role in communication between the sports medicine team.
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athletic trainer (therapist)
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___ ___ with a background in orthopedics or sports medicine can play a valuable role in reducing pain and restoring function to an injured athlete. They often serve in the dual role as athletic trainer as well.
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physical therapist (physiotherapist)
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The ____ and ____ professional plays a valuable role by consulting with the sports medical team, designs and relays the proper technique and application of several exercises to develop a reconditioning program to ready the injured athlete for return to competition.
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strength, conditioning
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___ ____ has a formal background in the study of exercise sciences and uses expertise to assist with the design of a conditioning program that carefully considers the body's metabolic response to exercise and the ways in which that reaction aids in the healing processs.
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Exercise physiologist
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A _____ with a background in sport nutrition may provide guidelines regarding proper food choices to optimize tissue recovery.
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nutritionist
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___ or ____ who is licensed with a background in sport may provide strategies for an athlete recovering from an injury that may be mentally traumatic.
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Psychologist, psychiatrist
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An _____ is a form of treatment required by the rehabing athlete while a ____ is an activity or practice that is inadvisable or prohibited due to the given injury. It is beneficial to have a form the clarifies the CSCS role during this process.
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indication, contraindication
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_____ is a specific, sudden episode of over-load injury to a given tissue, resulting in disrupted tissue integrity.
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Macrotrauma
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Joint trauma is manifested as either a ____ (complete displacement of the joint surface) or a _______ (partial displacement of the joint surface) and may result in joint laxity or instability.
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dislocation, subluxation
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Ligamentous trauma is termed a _____ and is assigned a classification of first degree, second degree, and third degree. List the degrees:
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sprain
1st - partial tear of the ligament without increased joint instability. 2nd - partial tear with minor joint instability 3rd - complete tear with full joint instability |
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Musculotendinous trauma is classified as either a _____ (if the trauma was direct) or a ____ (if the trauma was indirect).
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contusion, strain
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Muscle ___ are tears of the muscle fibers and have three degrees. LIst them:
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strains
1st - partial tear of individual fibers and is characterized by strong but painful muscle activity 2nd - partial tear with weak, painful muscle activity 3rd - complete tear of the fibers and is manifested by very weak, painless muscle activity. |
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______, or overuse injury, results from repeated, abnormal stress applied to a tissue by continuous training or training with too little recovery time.
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Microtrauma
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2 common overuse injuries involve ___ and ____.
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bone, tendon
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The most common overuse injuries to bone is a ___ ___ and they are often the result of rapid increase in training volume or excessive training volume on hard training surfaces.
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stress fractures
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_____ is the inflammation of a tendon, and if the cause of the inflammation is left uncorrected, chronic ____ or tendinopathy may develop.
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Tendinitis, tendinitis
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______ is the body's intitial reaction to injury and is necessary for normal healing to occur. The injuried area becomes red and swollen due to changes in vascularity, blood flow, and capillary permeability.
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Inflammation
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____ is the escape of fluid into the surrounding tissues; it inhibits contractile tissues and can significantly limit the injured athlete's function.
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Edema
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3 phases of tissue healing
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Inflammation, Repair, Remodeling
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The inflammation phase typically lasts _-_ days following an acute injury but may last longer with a compromised blood supply and more severe structural damage. This phase is critical to tissue healing and if it does not end in a reasonable time the other phases may not follow and will delay the rehab time.
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2-3
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Once the inflammation phase ends, the ___ phase begins. This phase allows the replacement of tissues that are no longer viable following injury. This is when damaged tissue is regenerated and __ tissue is formed. It begins as early as 2 days after the injury and can last up to 2 months.
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repair, scar
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The weakened tissue produced during the repair phase is strengthened during the _____ phase of healing. Although strength of the collagen fibers improves significantly, the new tissue will likely never be as strong as the tissue it has replaced. This phase can last _-_ months.
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remodeling, 2-4
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Two points must be made for rehab and reconditioning for injury recovery:
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(1) Healing tissue must not be overstressed; controlled therapeutic stress in necessary to optimize collagen matrix formation, but too much stress can damage new structures and significantly slow the return to competition
(2) The athlete must meet specific objectives to progress from one phase of healing to the next. |
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The goal for treatment during the inflammatory phase is to prevent disruption of ____ tissue. To achieve these goals the RICE method is applied. ___ ___ of the injured structures is the primary goal during this phase.
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new, Maximal protection
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Inflammation phase treatment are exercises that may include general ____ and ____ training and resistance training of the uninjured extremities. Do not exercise the injured area.
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aerobic, anaerobic
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The treatment goal during the repair phase is to prevent excessive muscle _____ and ____ deterioration of the injured area. Also disruption of the newly formed collagen fibers is avoided but low-load stresses are gradually introduced to allow increased collagen synthesis and prevent loss of joint motion.
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atrophy, joint
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Possible exercises during the repair phase include ___ of the uninjured extremities and areas proximal and distal to the injury, ___ and ____ exercises, and improving strength and neuromuscular control of the involved areas.
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strengthining, aerobic, anaerobic
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Repair phase exercises include ____ if they are pain free, resistance training that is ___ specific therefore ___ exercises can be an important aspect of strengthing.
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isometric, velocity, isokinetic
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___ is an afferent response to stimulation of sensory receptors in skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and the joint capsule. It contributes to the conscious and unconscious control of posture, balane, stability, and sense of position.
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Proprioception
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After an injury ____ control, like strength and flexibility, is usually imparied. Mini-trampoline, balance boards, and stabiltiy balls can be used to create unstable surfaces so the athlete can rehab this. Sometimes they can be performed with their eyes closed for added instibility.
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neuromuscular
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The treatment goal during the remodeling phase is the optimizing of ___ function. Exercises must be ____ and include multi-joint angle-specific strengthening, velocity-specific muscle activity, closed kinetic chain exercises, and exercises to enhance neuromuscular control.
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tissue, functional
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Remodeling phase exercises should be ___-___ . Also _____ of movement speed is important as well as ____-specific exercises like isokinetic, plyometric, and speed training.
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sport-specific, Specificity, velocity,
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The ___ chain is the collective effort or involvement of two or more sequential joints to create movement.
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kinetic
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A ____ kinetic chain is an exercise in which the terminal joint meets with considerable resistance that prohibits or restrains its free motion; that is, the distal joint is stationary.
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closed
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Closed kinetic chains have several advantages which include ___ stability and functional movement patterns; during sports activity, joints are not typically used in isolation but rather work in concert with the adjacent joints and surrounding musculature. Most exercises are ___ extremity but not all.
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joint, lower
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An ___ kinetic chain exercise uses a combination of successively arranged joints in which the terminal joint is free to move; they allow for greater concentration on an isolated joint or muscle.
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open
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Which is viewed as more functional: open or closed kinetic chain exercises.
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Closed
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To assist with resistance training programs as in regards to rehab, the _ __ and ___ programs are used a lot. They consist of 3 sets of 10 reps of __% of the athlete's 10-RM in the first set, __% in the second, and ___ % in the last. The Oxford system is the reverse order of this which is:
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De Lorme, Oxford, 50, 75, 100. 100% of the 10RM, 75% of the 10RM, 50% of the 10RM
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The ___ ___ __ ___ ___ (DAPRE) system requires and allows more manipulation of intensity and volume than either the De Lorme or the Oxford system. Give an example of it:
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daily adjustable progressive resistive exercise. 4 sets with 10-1 reps. 1st set 10 reps, 50% 1RM, 2nd set 6 reps, 75% 1RM, 3rd set max reps 100% 1RM. The number of reps done in the 3rd set determines the adjustment of reps for the final set.
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Programs for both the healthy and the damaged tissue of an injured athlete require the same basic design principles. This is known as the _____ principle and the system will adapt to the demands placed on it.
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SAID
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Although research has yet to determine an optimal aerobic training program for use in the rehab setting, the program should mimic specific __ and ___ demands.
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sport, metabolic
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