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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Resistance Training on Endocrine System |
Can be manipulated naturally by Resistance Training
Can enhance/develop of Target Tissues *Improves Performance |
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Hormones
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Chemical Messengers that are:
- Synthesized - Stored - Released in blood by Endocrine Glands |
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Endocrine Glands
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Body Structures specialized for:
- Secretions *maybe other cells |
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Neuroendocrinology
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The Study of the Interactions between:
- Nervous System - Endocrine System |
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Nucleus Receptor for Hormones are in these hormones
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Steroid
Thyroid |
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Target Tissue
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The tissue for which hormones are created for
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Myosin Heavy-Chain Proteins (MHC)
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Can go through a change in their molecular structure
- From IIx to IIa |
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Anabolic Hormones
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Hormones promoting:
- Tissue Building - Block catabolic hormones |
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Catabolic Hormones
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Attempt to degrade cell proteins to support:
- Glucose synthesis |
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Lock-and-Key Theory
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The Receptor = Lock
The Hormone = Key |
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Cross-Reactivity
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A given receptor partially:
- Interacts with Hormones that not specifically designed for it |
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Allosteric Binding Sites
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When a substance Other than Hormones can:
- Enhance/Reduce cellular response to the Primary Hormone |
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Downregulation
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Inability of a hormone to interact with a receptor
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Hormone-Receptor Complex
(H-RC) |
A binded Hormone/Receptor
- Shifts the receptor - Activates Receptor - Opens cells Nucleus |
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Polypeptide Hormones
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Hormones made up of Amino Acids
i.e. HGH, Insulin |
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Secondary Messengers (STAT)
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Messengers that get polypeptide hormones messages across cellular membranes
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Heavy Resistance Exercise and Hormonal Increases
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Specific Force Produced in Activated fibers:
- Stimulates: receptor and membrane Sensitivities - To anabolic factors: - Includes: hormones - Leads to muscle growth and strength training |
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Hormone link to Resistance Training
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Hormone responses are tightly linked to:
- Characteristics of the Resistance Exercise Protocol |
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Diurnal Variations
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Normal fluctuations in Hormone Levels throughout the day
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Large Muscle Group Training and Hormone Response
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Large Muscle Group Exercise results in:
- Acute increased Serum Total Testosterone concentrations in men |
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Growth Hormone (Reactions)
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- Normal development of children
- Plays a vital role to Adapting to stress of Resistance Training Secondary Effects of HGH Injections: - Change in muscle size/strength - Hypertrophy |
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Proteolytic Enzymes
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Enzymes that break down proteins
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Cortisol Hormone and Resistance Training
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Resistance Training:
- High Volume - Large Muscle Groups - Short Rest Periods = Increased Serum Cortisol Values (if acute, maybe a sign of muscle tissue remodeling) |
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General Concepts (Resistance Training and Endocrine Response)
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- More Muscle fibers recruited = more muscle remodeling
- Only muscle fibers activated by Resistance Training are Subject to Adaptation |
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To Increase Serum Testosterone Concentrations
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- Large Muscle Group Exercise
- Heavy Resistance Training (85%-95% of 1RM) - Moderate-High Volume of Exercise - Short Rest Intervals (30-60 secs) |
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To Increase Growth Hormone Levels
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- Use workouts with High Lactate Concentrations
- High Intensity (10RM/Heavy Resistance) - High Total Work (3 sets) - Short Rest Periods (1 min) - Supplement Diet with Carbohydrate and Protein Before/afterwards workout |
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To Optimize Responses of Adrenal Hormones
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Use:
- High volume - Large Muscle Groups - Short Rest Periods But: - Vary training protocol/rest period length/volume Prevents: - Adrenal gland chronic catabolic response of Cortisol |
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Growth Hormone (Function)
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Stimulates:
- IGF-1 - Protein Synthesis - Growth - Metabolism |
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Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (Function)
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Stimulates:
- Thyroid Hormone Synthesis - Secretion |
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Luteinizing Hormone (Function)
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Stimulates:
- Ovulation - Secretion of Sex Hormones in Ovaries/Testes |
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Insulin Hormone (Function)
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Stores:
- Glycogen Promotes: - Glucose Entry into Cells Involved In: - Protein Synthesis |
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Glucocorticoids (Function) (Cortisol, Cortisone, etc)
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Inhibits:
- Amino Acid Incorporation into Proteins Stimulates: - Conversion of Amino Acids into: CHO Maintains: - Normal Blood Sugar Levels Conserves: - Glucose Promotes: - Fat use |
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Insulin Like Growth Factor -1 (Function)
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Increase Protein Synthesis in Cells
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Epinephrine (Function)
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Increases:
- Cardiac Output - Blood Sugar - Glycogen Breakdown - Fat Metabolism |
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Norepinephrine (Function)
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Same as Epinephrine
Also: - Constricts Blood Vessels |
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Testosterone (Function)
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Stimulates:
- Growth - Protein Anabolism - Development/Maintenance of Male Sex Characteristics |
