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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What wine region is know for its fortified Muscats?
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Setubal
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What is the best procedure for judging the color of a wine?
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hold the wine glass up to a white surface, tip glass to view the edge of the wine, observing both color and hue.
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What is the English translation of "debourbage?"
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juice settling
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Fully three-quarters of the vines planted in the Mitterlrhein are Riesling, true or false?
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TRUE
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What is the most widely planted grape variety in Austria?
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Gruner Veltliner
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What percentage of South Africa's wine production is produced by cooperatives?
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85%
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What are the two general categories into which sherry can be classified after fermentation?
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fino and oloroso
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What is Sturm? What is Schilcher? What is Uhundler?
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Sturm= grape must served during harvest (with roasted chestnuts!), schilcher= rose made from blauer wildbacher, uhundler=wine made in sudburgenland from a nearly extinct vitis labrusca
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What is the traditional order of service for a waiter pouring wine at a dinner table?
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moving counterclockwise, serve females, then clockwise serve males, finish with the host
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Describe the "rule of 75%".
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minimum amount of: varietal, estate bottling, vintage, place of origin
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Name the three common methods of Madeira production today.
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place the wine in vats and heat with hot water pipes for three months / place wine in heated warehouses for 6 to 12 months / age the wine in non tempeature controlled warehouses for many years
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Where were New Zealand's first vines planted?
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northland
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Australia's Granite Belt possesses Terra Rossa soils, true or false?
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FALSE
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What is flor?
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layer of yeast that develops over sherry as it ages
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Describe the Portuguese wine quality pyramid.
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high to low= DOCs > IPRs > Vinho regional > vinho de mesa
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What is the primary US government agency with responsibility over the wine trade?
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Alcohol & Tobacco Tax & Trade Bureau (TTB)
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What Italian wine region produces Lambrusco?
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Emilia-Romagna
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Rainfall increases and temperatures decrease as you progress south and east down Chile's Central Valley, True or false?
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TRUE
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What is an estufa?
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oven
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It is illegal to add Süssreserve to Prädikat wines in Austria, true or false?
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TRUE
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In sparkling wine production, what are the desired levels of acidity and sugar at harvest? (high, medium, low)
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high acid, low sugar
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Brunello is a clone of what grape variety?
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sangiovese
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Name three districts within the Champagne appellation.
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aube, cotes de sezanne, cote des blancs, montagne de reims, vallee de la marne
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What is meant by "hens and chicks" when referenceing a grape cluster?
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small and large berries on the same cluster, greater skin to juice ratio
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Define Weissherbst.
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rose made from Spatburgunder
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In what county is the Santa Ynez AVA?
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San Luis Obispo
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Garganega is the primary grape in what wine?
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Soave
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What are Steen, Pontac, Pinotage and Hannepoot??
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Steen- Chenin blanc, Pontac- tinturier (red fleshed grape with red juice), Pinotage- cross between cinsault and pinot noir, Hannepoot- muscat d'alexandria
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Vino dulce serves what purpose?
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to sweeten and add color to the finished sherry
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What are the three most common grapes incorporated into vins doux naturels?
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muscat a petit grains, muscat d'alexxandria, grenache
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What does Gutsabfüllung indicate on a German wine label? What does Erzeugerabfüllung indicate?
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both basically mean estate bottled, gutsabfullung from an einzellage, erzeugerabfullung from a grosslage
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Name an appellation that produces a Vin Doux Naturel.
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banyuls, rasteau, maury, rivesaltes
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Name the three principle cities within the Sherry district.
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Jerez de la Frontera, Sanlucar de Barremeda, Puerto de Santa Maria
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What AVA produces the largest amount of grapes in Washington?
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Columbia Valley
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What is the difference between a macroclimate, a mesoclimate, and a microclimate?
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macro- particular region, meso- particular vineyard, micro- vine itself
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What factors contributed to a strong wine culture in Argentina?
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linking of the wine industry in mendoza to buenos aires by way of rail road
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True or false, most ports reflect a blend of various grape varieties, vineyard lots, and vintages.
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TRUE
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Name two wine regions on the North Island and one wine region on the South Island known for sparkling wine production?
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north= gisbourne, hawkes bay / south=marlborough
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What is carbonic maceration?
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whole clusters are fermented in the absence of oxygen
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What does a Bordeaux wine broker do?
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responsible for the sale of 75% of the areas wine in 165 countries / producer makes wine, broker sells wine
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What three white grapes may be incorporated into the production of Sauternes?
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semillon, sauvignon blanc, muscadelle
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On a varietally labeled US wine, what is the minimum content of that varietal in the wine? One state has a higher standard: what is the state and the standard?
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US 100%, State or county 75%, CA 100%, AVA 85%, specific vineyard 95%
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What is the most widely planted red grape in California?
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Cabernet Sauvignon
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A fourth of Chile's Chardonnay hails from one wine region. Which one?
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casablanca
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Why are most German vineyards located near rivers or lakes?
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for ambient heat, sun reflecting off of rivers
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What are the two most widely planted grapes in Germany?
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Riesling and Muller-Thurgau
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Define the Chilean borders and describe their significance.
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the borders isolate the country from the rest of the world; desert to the north, Andes to the east, Pacific to the west, Antarctica to the south
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Approximately how many indigenous grape varieties are to be found in Greece?
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350
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How many grape varieties can be incorporated into the production of Oporto? How many are recommended by the Casa do Douro? Name them.
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more than 80 are allowed- five red: Touriga nacional, Touriga Francesa (Touriga Franca), Tinta Barraco, Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo), tinta Cao and three whites: Gouveio (Verdelho), Malvasia Fina, Voisinho
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What style of wine is a crémant?
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sparkling wine made in the traditional method
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Describe a "maderized" odor?
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cooked, or baked odor.
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What is the source of tannins found in wine?
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derived from the stems, skins, and seeds, as well as oak barrels
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What is an LBV? How does it differ from a vintage port?
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late bottled vintage, aged in cask 4 to 6 years, usually filtered
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What is a parral?
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training the grapes on high trellises
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What is the purpose of drawing air through the mouth while tasitng a wine?
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to increase the surface area of the warmed wine and enable more odor-saturated air to reach the olifactory epithelium through the back of the mouth and nasal cavaties
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Place the following in order of increasing sweetness: Sauternes, Sancerre, Vouvray
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sancerre, vouvray, sauternes
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Which German wines are bottled traditionally in green glass, brown glass and bocksbeutels?
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green= Mosel, bocksbeutel= Franken, brown- Rhine wines
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Name two counties in the Sierra Foothills AVA.
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Amador, Calaveras, El Dorado, Placer, Nevada, Yuba, Tuolumne, Mariposa
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What is vendange tardive wine?
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late harvested wine
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Where are Minervois, Costières de Nîmes, and Banyuls located?
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Languedoc-Roussillon
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How much pressure is inside a typical bottle of sparkling wine?
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6 ATM
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Which of the following is not a red grape variety? Nebbiolo, Sangiovese, Viognier, Zinfandel
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viognier
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With regard to red Rioja, what are the aging requirements of a crianza, reserva, and gran reserva?
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crianza= under a year in a barrica (barrel) / reserva (minimum)= one year in barreal, one year in bottle / gran reserva (minimum)= 2 years in oak barrels and three years in bottle
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Name five aromas typical of Cabernet Sauvignon.
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black cherry or currant, vanilla, cigar box, chocolate, cocoa, red currant, lilac, mint, blueberry, herbs, cedar, tobacco, black pepper
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In sherry production, what is the typical order of events? Aging in barrel, blending, classification, fermentation, fortification, pressing
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pressing> fermentation > classification > fortification > aging in barrel > blending
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If a county is named as a wine's place of origin, what is the minimum content from that county?
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75%, except California, which is 100%
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What are the principal products of fermentation?
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ethanol, carbon dioxide, (heat)
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Name two sweet wine appellations in Bordeaux.
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Sauternes, Barsac, Cerons
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Name three types of alcohols found in wine?
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ethanol, methanol, glycerol, fusel oils
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What is the smallest amount of residual sugar that most people can recognize in a wine?
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0.50%
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What is the difference between Côtes-du-Rhône and Côtes-du-Rhône Villages?
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CDR= 95% red, mostly from the southern Rhone, over half of the Rhone's production / CDRV=99% red, within the CDR AOC, only in the southern Rhone, 16 communes may attache their name to this AOC
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What is the KWV? Detail its role in South Africa's wine industry.
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Kooperatiewe Wijnbouwers Vereniging, a "national" cooperative or grape grower's trade union- became a price cartel and over ran production, focusing on quantity over quality
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What other appellation produces wine from the same grapes as Valpolicella?
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Bardolino
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What is the highest quality level in the Italian wine quality pyramid?
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DOCG
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Describe the climate and topography of Oporto's three sub-regions.
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the entire area is made up of steep inclines that require terracing, temperatures increase as you head inland, less rain as you head inland / baixo corgo= west cima corgo=quality heartland of the region /douro superior= east, fewer steep inclines
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What is a colheita port?
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single vintage tawny port, minimum of 7 years old
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In the United States, what is the maximum amount of an older vintage that can be blended with the current year's wine and still list a vintage date on the label?
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5%
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Where is Marsala produced?
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sicily, italy
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Australia had no indigenous grape vines, true or false?
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TRUE
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What is the grape variety used to make Barbaresco?
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Nebbiolo
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What is a common New World synonym for Syrah?
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shiraz
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How much residual sugar is typically present in an amontillado immediately after fortification?
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0, zero, zilch, nada
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What attributes does a balanced vine possess?
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correct relationship of the soil/root system and number of leaves it can support
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Where are most of the vineyards of South Africa located?
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southwestern part of the country
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What is the range of residual sugar found in Marsala?
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4% to over 10%
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What is the differnece between a species, a clone, and a variety of grape?
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species- particular group of grape vines (V. vinifera), clone: vines descended from a single parent, variety: subspecies of grape (like chardonnay)
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Which of the following grape varieties has the highest natural acidity? Gewurztraminer, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier
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sauvignon blanc
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What are the two routes by which odors reach the olfactory epithelium?
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when actively inhaling, and by holding wine in the mouth
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What red grape variety is well known for its propensity to mutate?
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pinot noir
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What is the primary grape variety used to make Madiran?
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Tannat
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What is the temperature range during which photosynthesis can occur?
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50 to 95 F / 10 to 35 C best temp is 68 to 86 F and 20 - 30 C
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What seven items are required on the label of all US wines?
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1. brand name 2. class or type of wine 3 the name and address of the bottler or the importer 4. the alcohol content of the wine 5. a sulfite statement(if required) 6. a health warning 7. the net content of the bottle
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When setting a place at a dinner table, where should the wineglass or wineglasses be placed?
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set to the right of the water glass, above the knife, on the right side of the place setting
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What does the term súperieur usually indicate on a French wine label?
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higer alcohol level than wines of the region / vintage
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Name the top three wine-producing states.
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CA, WA, NY
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What is the level of French quality wine that falls just below AOC?
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VDQS- vin delimite de qualite superieure / delimited wine of superior quality
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Where is the Finger Lakes AVA?
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NY
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What does the size of the bubbles in a sparkling wine indicate?
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the smaller the size, and the more continuous/generous the stream, the higher the quality
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Which of the following wine regions is not located along the coast of Western Australia? Geographe, Margaret River, Blackwood Valley, Manjimup, Pemberton, Great Southern?
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blackwood valley
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What is the purpose of swirling a wine in the glass while tasitng?
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to increase the surface area so that the concentration of volatile molecules in the air above the wine will be higher when they put their noses into the glass to sniff
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What is the difference between detection threshold and recognition threshold?
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detection threshold is the small amount of a stimulus necessary to trigger an unidentifiable sensation, recognition threshold is the smallest amount of a stimulus necessary to trigger an identifiable sensation
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What is the primary production step that is avoided in the transfer method?
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remuage
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What is the DOCG in Lombardy that makes a sparkling wine?
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Franciacorta
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What and when was Prohibition?
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the 18th Amendment, making alcohol illegal for general consumption. Passed in 1919 and lasted through 1933 with 21st Amendment and the repeal
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Name Spain's two DOCas.
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Rioja, Priorat
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Which of the four tastes is not found in wine?
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salt
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