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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Going from a summary view to progressively lower levels of detail is called data:
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drill-down.
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An enterprise data warehouse is the control point and single source of all data made available to end users for decision support applications.
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True
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The need for data warehousing in an organization is driven by its need for an integrated view of high-quality data.
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True
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________ is an ill-defined term applied to databases where size strains the ability of commonly used relational DBMSs to manage the data.
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Big data
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A dependent data mart is filled from the enterprise data warehouse and its reconciled data.
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True
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Which of the following advances in information systems contributed to the emergence of data warehousing?
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Advances in middleware products that enabled enterprise database connectivity across heterogeneous platforms.
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When multiple systems in an organization are synchronized, the need for data warehousing increases.
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False
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Drill-down involves analyzing a given set of data at a finer level of detail.
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True
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A fact table holds descriptive data about the business.
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False
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The enterprise data model controls the phased evolution of the data warehouse.
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True
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Grain and duration have a direct impact on the size of fact tables.
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True
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An operational data store typically holds a history of snapshots of the state of an organization whereas an enterprise data warehouse does not typically contain history.
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False
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Rotating the view of a multidimensional database for a particular data point is called data:
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pivoting
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An operational data store is typically a relational database and normalized, but it is tuned for decision-making applications.
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True
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The use of a set of graphical tools that provides users with multidimensional views of their data is called:
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on-line analytical processing (OLAP).
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The grain of a data warehouse indicates the size and depth of the records.
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False
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There are applications for fact tables without any nonkey data, only the foreign keys for the associated dimensions.
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True
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Which of the following organizational trends does not encourage the need for data warehousing?
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Downsizing
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Which of the following data-mining techniques identifies clusters of observations with similar characteristics?
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Clustering and signal processing
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Informational systems are designed for all of the following EXCEPT:
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running a business in real time.
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Logical data marts are physically separate databases from the enterprise data warehouse.
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False
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An event is a database action that results from a transaction.
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True
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Data that are detailed, current, and intended to be the single, authoritative source of all decision support applications are called ________ data.
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reconciled
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Which of the following is NOT an objective of derived data?
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Eliminate the need for application software
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All of the following are some beneficial applications for real-time data warehousing EXCEPT:
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data entry.
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Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP) tools use variations of SQL and view the database as a relational database, in either a star schema or other normalized or denormalized set of tables.
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False
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A corporate information factory (CIF) is a comprehensive view of organizational data in support of all user data requirements.
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True
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A logical data mart is a(n):
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data mart created by a relational view of a slightly denormalized data warehouse.
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Medical claims and pharmaceutical data would be an example of big data.
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True
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A dependent data mart:
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is filled exclusively from the enterprise data warehouse with reconciled data.
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The first requirement for building a user-friendly interface is a set of metadata that describes the data in the data mart in business terms that users can easily understand.
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True
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The development of the relational data model did not contribute to the emergence of data warehousing.
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False
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A database action that results from a transaction is called a(n):
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event
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An operational data store (ODS) is not designed for use by operational users.
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False
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NoSQL is a great technology for storing well-structured data.
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False
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Which of the following data-mining techniques searches for patterns and correlations in large data sets?
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Rule discovery
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Factless fact tables may apply when:
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we are deleting correlated data.
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Conformed dimensions allow users to do the following:
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query across fact tables with consistency.
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An operational data store (ODS) is a(n):
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integrated, subject-oriented, updateable, current-valued, detailed database designed to serve the decision support needs of operational users.
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All of the following are limitations of the independent data mart EXCEPT:
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it is often more expedient to build a data mart than a data warehouse.
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When we consider data in the data warehouse to be time-variant, we mean:
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data in the warehouse contain a time dimension so that they may be used to study trends and changes.
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Advances in computer hardware, particularly the emergence of affordable mass storage and parallel computer architectures, was one of the key advances that led to the emergence of data warehousing.
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True
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All of the following are unique characteristics of a logical data mart EXCEPT:
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the process of creating a logical data mart is lengthy.
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A data mart is a(n):
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data warehouse that is limited in scope.
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The real-time data warehouse is characterized by which of the following?
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Data are immediately transformed and loaded into the warehouse.
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An independent data mart is filled with data extracted from the operational environment without the benefit of a data warehouse.
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True
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The characteristic that indicates that a data warehouse is organized around key high-level entities of the enterprise is:
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subject-oriented.
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A snowflake schema is usually heavily aggregated.
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False
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Informational systems are designed to support decision making based on historical point-in-time and prediction data.
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True
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Data that are never physically altered once they are added to the store are called ________ data.
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periodic
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The level of detail in a fact table determined by the intersection of all the components of the primary key, including all foreign keys and any other primary key elements, is called the:
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grain
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Every key used to join the fact table with a dimension table should be a ________ key.
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surrogate
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A class of database technology used to store textual and other unstructured data is called:
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NoSQL
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The analysis of summarized data to support decision making is called:
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informational processing.
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Periodic data are data that are never physically altered or deleted once they have been added to the store.
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True
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When a dimension participates in a hierarchy, the database designer can normalize the dimension into a nested set of tables with 1:M relationships between them.
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True
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Operational metadata are derived from the enterprise data model.
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False
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Transient data are never changed.
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False
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________ is/are a new technology which trade(s) off storage space savings for computing time.
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Column databases
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A star schema contains both fact and ________ tables.
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dimension
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A conformed dimension is one or more dimension tables associated with only one fact table.
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False
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Organizations adopt data mart architectures because it is easier to have separate, small data warehouses than to get all organizational parties to agree to one view of the organization in a central data warehouse.
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True
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A data mart is a data warehouse that contains data that can be used across the entire organization.
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False
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An enterprise data warehouse that accepts near-real time feeds of transactional data and immediately transforms and loads the appropriate data is called a real-time data warehouse.
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True
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For performance reasons, it may be necessary to define more than one fact table for a star schema.
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True
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The status of data is the representation of the data after an event has occurred.
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False
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The representation of data in a graphical format is called data mining.
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False
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A separate data warehouse causes more contention for resources in an organization.
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False
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When determining the size of a fact table, estimating the number of possible values for each dimension associated with the fact table is equivalent to:
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determining the number of possible values for each foreign key in the fact table.
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All of the following are ways to handle changing dimensions EXCEPT:
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create a snowflake schema.
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Which of the following data-mining applications identifies customers for promotional activity?
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Target marketing
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One characteristic of independent data marts is complexity for end users when they need to access data in separate data marts. This complexity is caused by not only having to access data from separate databases, but also from:
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the possibility of a new generation of inconsistent data systems, the data marts themselves.
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Operational and informational systems are generally separated because of which of the following factors?
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A data warehouse centralizes data that are scattered throughout disparate operational systems and makes them readily available for decision support applications.
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Which of the following factors drive the need for data warehousing?
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Businesses need an integrated view of company information.
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Which of the following is true of data visualization?
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Correlations and clusters in data can be easily identified.
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Reconciled data are data that have been selected, formatted, and aggregated for end-user decision support applications.
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False
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An expanded version of a star schema in which all of the tables are fully normalized is called a(n):
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snowflake schema.
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Grain and duration have a direct impact on the size of ________ tables.
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fact
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OLAP tools that use the database as a traditional relational database are called:
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ROLAP tools.
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________ technologies are allowing more opportunities for real-time data warehouses.
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RFID
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Scalable technology is critical to a data mart.
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True
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Independent data marts do not generally lead to redundant data and efforts.
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False
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Rule discovery searches for patterns and correlations in large data sets.
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True
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