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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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per |
pro |
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both ... and ... |
sowohl ... als auch ... |
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although |
obwohl |
= obgleich; obschon (but very rarely used) |
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despite; inspite of |
trotz |
trotz + Genetiv Tom will trotz des schlechten Wetters gehen. - Tom plans to go in spite of the bad weather. |
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whether |
ob |
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either ... or ... |
entweder ... oder ... |
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neither ... nor ... |
weder ... noch ... |
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during |
während |
'während' = 'during', as preposition (not as a conjunction 'meanwhile') Sei still während des Kurses. - Be quiet during the course. |
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as long as |
solange |
Solange ich atme, hoffe ich. - As long as I breathe, I hope. Du kannst dieses Buch leihen, solange du es sauber hältst. - You may borrow this book as long as you keep it clean. |
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the (bigger ...), the (better ...) |
je ..., desto ... |
Je mehr Puffmais man isst, desto mehr will man. - The more popcorn you eat, the more you want. Je mehr, desto besser. - The more, the better. |
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as well as |
sowie |
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whereas (<> während) |
wohingegen |
= während Er liebt Autos, wohingegen sein Bruder sie hasst. - He loves cars, whereas his brother hates them. |
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regardless |
ungeachtet |
+ Genetiv Ungeachtet seiner Armut war er glücklich. - Even though he was poor, he was happy. Er machte seine Arbeit ungeachtet vieler Hindernisse. - He did the work in spite of many obstacles. |
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1) respectievely; 2) or more precisely |
beziehungsweise |
abbreviated as bzw. Ein Hamburger kostet € 2.40, bzw. € 2.80 mit Käse. - A Hamburger costs € 2.40, or €2.80 with cheese. Die beiden gingen ins Gefängnis [=prison], beziehungsweise zum elektrischen Stuhl. - The two of them went to prison and the electric chair respectively. Die Erde kreist um die Sonne, bzw. Sonne und Erde kreisen umeinander. - The Earth revolves around the Sun, or more precisely the Sun and the Earth revolve around each other. |
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but (<> aber, sondern, zwar, doch, jedoch) |
allein |
allein: Can be used instead of aber to express unwelcome or unexpected problems or restrictions. Sounds formal and a little archaic. Es gibt viele kosmologische Theorien, allein wir wissen über 90% der Materie des Universums gar nichts. - There are many cosmological theories, but (unfortunately) we know nothing at all about 90% of the material of the universe. |
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in case (<> wenn) |
falls |
= wenn Falls can sometimes be used instead of wenn to express possibility. It is a little more tentative than wenn. Wenn ihr es baut, werden sie kommen. - If you build it, they will come. [less tentative] Nimm einen Schirm mit, falls es regnet. - Take an umbrella along in case it rains. Nimm einen Schirm mit, wenn es regnet. - Take an umbrella along if it rains. |
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after (as conjunction) |
nachdem |
Use nachdem with actions, but nach with nouns (Wir sehen uns nachdem der Film beginnt; Wir sehen uns nach dem Film). |
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before (as conjunction) (<> ehe) |
bevor |
= ehe Ehe is slightly more formal. Use bevor with actions, but vor with nouns (Wir sehen uns bevor der Film beginnt; Wir sehen uns vor dem Film). |
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since (in the temporal sense) |
seitdem |
= seit Use seitdem or seit with actions, but only seit with nouns (Wir schlafen seit/seitdemdie Klasse begann; Wir schlafen seit der Klasse). |
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so that |
damit |
The subordinating conjunction damit means "so that". It stands at the beginning of the clause, and the conjugated verb comes at the end: Fledermäuse benutzen Ultraschall, damit sie nicht in die Wände ihrer Höhlen fliegen. - Bats use ultrasound so that they don't fly into the walls of their caves. |
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in order to |
um ... zu ... |
Um...zu also means "so that," but it is more natural to translate it as "in order to." It can only be used if both clauses have the same subject: Ich esse Spinat, um stark zu werden. / Ich esse Spinat, damit ich stark werde. - I eat spinach in order to become strong / I eat spinach so that I will become strong. Du isst Spinat, damit ich glücklich bin. (Cannot use um...zu here) You eat spinach, so that I will be happy. The English equivalent is often simply "to": Ich bin intelligent genug, um Barney zu hassen. - I am intelligent enough to hate Barney. |
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by ...ing |
indem |
Explains how something is achieved. Manchmal begehen Lemminge Massenselbstmord, indem sie ins Meer springen. - Sometimes lemmings commit mass suicide by jumping into the sea. Indem er dem Lehrer eine Banane gab, sicherte sich der Student eine gute Note. - By giving the teacher a banana, the student secured a good grade. |
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as soon as |
sobald |
Sobald die Kinder Barney sehen, hört ihr Gehirn auf zu funktionieren. - As soon as the children see Barney, their brain stops functioning. |
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as often as |
sooft |
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according to |
gemäß |
NACH/LAUT/GEMÄß/ZUFOLGE/SO In addition to their other meanings, these can all mean "according to." Nach/laut/gemäß dem Artikel ist die Erde flach. - According to the article, the earth is flat. Nach ihm/ihr ist die Erde flach. - According to him/her, the earth is flat. Dem Artikel nach/gemäß/zufolge ist die Erde flach. - According to the article, the earth is flat. Ihm/ihr nach/gemäß/zufolge ist die Erde flac. - According to him/her, the earth is flat. Nach ihr/Ihr gemäß/Ihr zufolge kam das Huhn vor dem Ei. - According to her, the chicken came before the egg. |
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instead of |
anstatt |
= statt |
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as if |
als ob |
Er spielt, als ob alles funktionire (Konjunktiv I). - He plays, as if it worked. |
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no ... at all |
keinerlei |
Er hat keinerlei Freund. - He has no friends at all. |
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as far as (...w...) |
soweit |
Soweit ich mich erinnern kann. - As far as I can remember. = So weit wie Ich mich erinern kann. |
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as far as (...v...) |
soviel |
Soviel ich mich erinnern kann. - As far as I can remember. |
