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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Precusor tissue for the vertebrae development
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Scleratome Mesenchyme; from the ventralmedial portion of the somite (Shh and noggin)
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The first 4-5 somites are called what?
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Occipital Somites
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What due the ventromedial somite cells express
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Pax1 and Pax9
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Somitocoel Cells
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Cells located in the cavity of the somite also become part of the scleratome; Crainal half are loosely arranged while the caudal half are tightly packed
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Regeneration
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Cranial and Caudal halves of somites merge with the caudal half of the next adjacent somite
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Cells in the Central Scleratome Compartment form?
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Pedicle and prox rib
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Cells in the ventral Scleratome Compartment form?
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Vertebral body and IV disc
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Cells in the Dorsal Scleratome Compartment form?
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Dorsal part of neural arch, spinous process
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Cells in the Lateral Scleratome Compartment form?
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distal rib
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Somitocoel cells in Scleratome Compartment form?
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Vertebral joints, IV disc, proximal ribs
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Anterior 1/2 of the scleratome
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Contribute to the formation of the vertebral body, as well as small parts of the neural arch and distal rib
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Posterior 1/2 of the scleratome
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Contribute to the vertebral body, transverse process, proximal rib, the main part of the distal rib and the main part of the neural arch
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Costal processes
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In the transverse section, the ribs come derive; all the other levels they become spinous processes
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Klippel-Feil Sequence
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Rare recessive disorder characterized by the presence of several fused cervical vertebrae. the neck is shortened, low nuchal hair line and limited defects and hearling loss; some have scoliosis
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Sacralization
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May occur if the 5th lumbar vertebrae is incorporated into the sacrum;
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Lumbarization
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is the fith sacral vertebra is NOT included in the sacrum
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Dysraphism
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Failure of fusion of the neural arches of vertebra
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Rachischisis
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A condition were many or all vertebrae have unfused spinous processes
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Spina bifida
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a series of conditions were one or a few adjacent vertebrae have unfused spinous processes
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Spina Bifida Occulta
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Mildest form of spina bifida and is usually asymptomatic
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Examples of malformed vertebrae
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Hemivertebrae, wedge-shaped vertebrae and unsegmented vertebral bars
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Scoliosis
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Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
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Sternum formation
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Begins independently as cartilage bars on either side of the midline during formation of the ventral body wall in the thorax; derived from somatic mesoderm; a 2ndary segmentation occurs froming sternebrae (forms body, manubrium)
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Accessory Ribs
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from in the lumbar and cervical regions of the spone; Abnormalities such as fused and forked ribs are often asymptomatic
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Pectus Excavatum
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Depression of the sternum
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Pectus Carniatum
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Protrusion of the sternum
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Where does the sternum derive from
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Lateral plate mesoderm-->somatic mesoderm-->sternum
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