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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epinephrine hydrchloride(Adrenalin)
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-The prototype of adrenergics
-The drug of choice for anaphylaxis -The active ingredient in OTC asthma preparations -Effects: Stimulates both alpha- and beta-receptors, Increases blood pressure, Increases heart rate, Increases blood flow to brain, heart, and skeletal muscles, Constricts peripheral vessels, Relaxes gastrointestinal smooth muscle |
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Norepinephrine (Levophed)
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-Potent vasoconstrictor
-Used to treat: Hypotension, Cardiac arrest |
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Dopamine hydrochloride(Intropin)
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-The immediate precursor of norepinephrine
-Dosage effects: Low doses cause renal perfusion, Low to moderate doses cause increasd cardiac output, Higher doses increase peripheral resistance and blood pressure |
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Dobutamine hydrochloride (Dobutrex)
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-A synthetic catecholamine
-Acts directly on the heart muscle to increase the force of contraction |
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Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
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-A synthetic catecholamine
-A bronchodilator -Stimulates both beta1- and beta2-receptors -Used to control shock and dysrhythmias |
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Ephedrine
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-Less potent, but longer acting drug than epinephrine
-Used as a bronchodilator and nasal decongestant during allergic reactions |
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Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
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-Related to ephedrine, and has similar actions
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Phenylephrine hydrochloride (Neo-Synephrine)
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-Stimulates the alpha-receptor, which results in vasoconstriction and nasal congestion
-Acts as a bronchodilator |
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Albuterol (Proventil)
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-Used to produce bronchodilation
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Phentolamine mesylate (Regitine)
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-The prototype for alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
-Used to prevent tissue necrosis following extravasation of intravenous norepinephrine -Prevents and controls hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma, which is a tumor that releases excessive amounts of catecholamines |
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Ergotamine tartrate (Ergostat)
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-A vasoconstrictor that is used to treat migraine headaches. It is poorly absorbed orally, and is given sublingually, by rectal suppository, or by inhalation.
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Ergotamine tartrate with caffeine (Cafergot)
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-A common antimigraine medication
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Doxazosin (Cardura)
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-A peripherally acting antiadrenergic drug that is used to treat hypertension or BPH. It acts by blocking post synaptic alpha 1-adrenergic receptors.
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Prazosin (Minipress)
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-A peripherally acting, antiadrenergic drug that is used to treat hypertention or BPH. It acts by blocking post-synaptic alpha1 adrenergic receptors.
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Terazosin (Hytrin)
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-A peripherally-acting antiadrenergic drug that is used to treat hypertension or BPH. It acts by blocking post-synaptic alpha 1-adrenergic receptors.
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Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
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-A vascular headache suppressant used to treat migraines.
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Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)
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-The prototype for beta-adrenergic blocking agents
-Used to treat hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, hypertension, angina, dysrhythmias, and myocardial infarction |
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Metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor)
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-Used to treat hypertension and dysrhythmias
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Atenolol (Tenormin)
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-Used to treat hypertension, angina, and myocardial infarction
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Sotalol (Betapace)
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-Uesd to treat dysrhythmias
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Timolol maleate (Timoptic)
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-An eye drop medication used to treat glaucoma
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Mecamylamine hydrochloride (Inversine)
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-The ganglionic blocker
-Used to treat clients who are in the advanced stages of hypertension, or in hypertensive crisis -Also used to treat pulmonary edema (a complication of severe hypertension) |
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Acetylcholine
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-The prototype for the direct-acting cholinomimetic drugs
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Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)
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-Used for urinary retention and atony because it contracts the smooth muscle fo the bladder, and stimulates gastric motility in paralytic ileus. It is also used to treat open-angle glacoma.
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Pilocarpine hydrochloride (Pilocar)
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-Used to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma by constricting the pupil
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Carbachol intraocular (Miostat)
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-Used to treat simply glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma
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Metoclopramide hydrochloride (Reglan)
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-Used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and to treat heartburn and delayed gastric emptying due to reflux esophagitis
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Neostigmine bromide (Prostigmin)
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-Used to treat urinary retention and paralytic ileus
-The drug of choice in the treatment of myasthenia gravis |
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Edrophonium chloride (Tensilon)
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-Used to diagnose myasthenia gravis
-Used to differentiate between myasthenia crisis and cholinergic crisis -Antidote for pancuronium (Pavulon), which is a neuromuscular blocker |
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Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon)
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-The maintenance drug of choice for myasthenia gravis
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Atropine sulfate
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-Used as an antidote to counteract the adverse effects of cholinergic agents
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Atropine sulfate
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-The prototype for anticholinergic drugs
-Used: Preoperatively to dry secretions, To treat bradycardia, As an antidote for cholinergic drugs, As an antidote for insecticide poisoning |
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Belladonna tincture
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-An ingredient in several drug mixtures, is used to treat gastrointestinal disorders
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Homatropine (Spectro-Homatropine)
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-Eye drops used to produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
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Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
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-Used to treat Parkinson's disease, and the Parkinson-like symptoms that occur with some psychoactive drugs
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Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan)
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-Used to increase bladder capacity and to decraes the frequency of voiding in clients with neurogenic bladders
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Scopolamine hydrobromide (Hyoscine)
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-Used to treat motion sickness, manage the nausea and vomiting that accompanies general anesthesia, and produce preoperative amnesia
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Carisoprodol (Soma)
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-Prescribed as an adjunct to rest and physical therapy in the treatment of muscular spasm caused by acute musculoskeletal conditions
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Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (Flexeril)
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-Manages muscular spasm and severe pain associated with musculoskeletal conditions. It is similar in structure to the tricyclic depressants.
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Baclofen (Lioresal)
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-Used to alleviate signs and sympotms of spasticity resulting from multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and other spinal cord diseases. High doses may produce ataxia.
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Orphenadrine (Norflex)
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-Less commonly used than other central-acting skeletal muscle relaxants
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Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
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-Acts directly on skeletal muscles to treat conditions associated with spasticity
-The drug of choice to treat malignant hyperthermia crisis -May be administered with diazepam to augment its effect, but this combination causes drowsiness |
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Pancuronium bromide (Pavulon)
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-Used to cause skeletal muscle paralysis during intubation following induction of anesthesia
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Vecuronium bromide (Norcuron)
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-Used to facilitate endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation
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Tubocurarine chloride (Tubarine)
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-Given to lessen the intensity of muscle contractions during eletroshock therapy and to assist with the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
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Atracurium (Tracrium)
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-Given prior to endotracheal intubation or surgery
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Rocuronium (Zemuron)
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-Given prior to endotracheal intubation or surgery
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Mivacurium (Mivacron)
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-Given prior to endotracheal intubation or surgery
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Succinylcholine (Anectine)
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-A short-acting depolarizing agent
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