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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Meteorologists need to measure various atmospheric conditions, including: (6)
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air pressure, precipitation, wind speed, humidity, temperature, wind direction
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What carries electronic equipment used for measuring weather conditions above earth's surface?
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weather balloons
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a tool used to measure air temperature
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thermometer
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an instrument used to measure air pressure
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borometer
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cone-shaped bag open at both ends, used to measure wind direction
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windsock
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device shaped like an arrow with a larger tail and is attached to a pole, used to measure wind direction
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wind vane
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an instrument used to measure wind speed, which consist of three or four cups connected by spokes to a pole
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anemometer
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measuring system used to find the location, movement and amount of precipitation
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radar
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___ ____ orbiting the Earth can also provide images of weather systems in order to track storms and measure certain conditions
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weather satellite
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NWS & NOAA collect and analyze data in US. On maps, station is represented by a _______ ________, or a small circle showing the location of the weather station
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station model
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lines connecting areas of equal air pressure
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isobars
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lines connecting areas of equal temperatures
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isotherms
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lines connecting areas of equal height
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isohypse
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lines connecting areas of equal precipitation
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isohyet
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When decoding: add a decimal point between the last __ digits of the coded _ digit number.
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2, 3
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Decode this number: 782
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1078.2
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Code this number 1002.1
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021
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movement of air caused by the differences in air pressure
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wind
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air travels in large circular patterns called _______
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convection cells
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combination of convection cells and the Coriolis Effect produces these patterns of air circulation
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global winds
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wind belts extending from the poles to 60 latitude in both hemispheres
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polar easterlies
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wind belts found between 30 and 60 latitude in both hemispheres
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westerlies
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winds blowing from 30 latitude almost to the equator in both hemispheres
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trade winds
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meeting place of the trade winds from both hemispheres around the equator (ITCZ)
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doldrums
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winds located at about 30 north and 30 south latitude
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horse latitude
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energy on earth is transferred in three main ways:
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radiation, conduction, convection
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the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves move through space
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radiation
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transfer of energy through contact of an object or to another object
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conduction
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thermal energy is always transferred from ___ areas to ___ areas.
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warm, cold
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transfer of energy by the circulation, or movement, of a liquid or gas (warm air rises, cold sinks)
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convection
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solar energy absorbed by earth is eventually _____ into space as thermal energy
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reradiated
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balance between incoming energy and outgoing energy
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radiation balance
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_% is scattered and reflected by clouds and air
_% is absorbed by ozone, clouds, and other gases _% is absorbed by earth's surface _% is reflected by earth's surface |
25,20,50,5
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most recent ice age _ mya
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2
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periods of cold in an ice age
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glacial periods
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periods of warmth in an ice age
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interglacial periods
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a theory explaining ice ages and why they alternate between cold and warm periods (earth's orbit and tilt)
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milankovitch theory
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how much a shape differs from a circle (earth's changes, so distance from the sun changes too)
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eccentricity
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earth's axis 23.5 degrees. varies from 22.2 to 24.5
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tilt
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earth "wobbles" on its axis, affects amount of solar radiation reaching different parts of earth's surface
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precession
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what are 4 examples of natural events affecting climate?
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volanoes, asteroids, sun cycle, global warming
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gradual increase in the average global temperature due to a higher concentration of gases in the atmosphere
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global warming
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earth's natural heating process in which carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the atmosphere trap thermal energy
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greenhouse effect
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clearing of forests
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deforestation
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any weather capable of causing property damage, injury, or even death
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severe weather
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small, intense weather systems producing strong winds, heavy rain, lightning, and thunder
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thunderstorms
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2 conditions necessary for thunderstorm development:
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warm air, unstable atmosphere
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3 stages of thunderstorm development:
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cummulus, mature, dissipating
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electric discharge occurring between a positively charged area and negatively charged area
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lightning
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2 names for hurricanes:
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typhoons, cyclones
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earth's surface covered by water? (%)
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71%
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