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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three stages of motor learning. |
Cognitive – what to do Associative – how to do Autonomous – how to succeed |
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The abnormal accumulation of cerebral spinal fluid within the ventricles |
Hydrocephalus |
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What procedure involves the placement of one end of a catheter inside of a ventricle in the brain and the other and placed within the abdominal cavity to allow for drainage of excess fluid? |
Shunt placement |
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This type of feedback comes from within the movement (visual, vestibular, proprioception) |
Intrinsic |
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This type of feedback comes from additional sensory cues (verbal cues, manual cues, bio feedback, etc.). |
Extrinsic |
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This motor disorder is characterized by a velocity dependent increase in tonic stretch with exaggerated tendon reflexes resulting from excitability of the stretch reflects. In English it means that the faster an individuals extremity is move the stronger the spasm will be. |
Spasticity |
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This evolutionarily symptom of brain injury is characterized by excessive muscle contraction leading to weakness and impaired muscle control. |
Spasticity |
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This approach to severe spasticity works at the level of the spine to inhibit excitatory activities at the spinal reflexes. It should be used only when the individuals do not respond to oral medication or have intolerable side effects. |
Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) |
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This prescription medication is injected into muscles and used to treat increase muscle stiffness and elbow, rest, and finger muscles and people with upper limb spasticity. |
BOTOX (botulinum toxin A) |
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Physical and occupational therapist may use a variety of therapeutic interventions in the management and spasticity - name them. |
Posture and positioning strategies for the entire body using a wheelchair or bed. Isolated limb control with the use of splints or bracing. Working toward strengthening and activation of opposing muscle groups including the use of electrical stimulation. Preventative measures to prevent contractures or skin breakdown |
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This condition is a result of a fixed loss of passive joint range of motion to the pathology of connective tissue, tendons, ligaments, muscles, joint capsules, and cartilage. |
Contractures |
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This condition is the formation of new bone around joints as a consequence of traumatic brain injury, the most common sign of this condition is a decrease or limit in a joint range of motion. |
Heterotopic ossification (HO) |
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Heterotopic ossification most commonly occurs on the same side of the body where spasticity is the worst. What are the three most common Joints where HO is present? |
Hip joints are the most common place for it to occur, followed by shoulders and elbows. |
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A mass of platelets and or fibrin that forms in a blood vessel (I. E., A blood clot) is called: |
Thrombus |
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This occurs when a piece of a thrombus has broken free and then circulates within the blood stream. |
Embolus |
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What are the signs of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? |
Redness, swelling, fever and pain in the extremity |
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What are some common signs of heterotopic ossification? |
Decrease or limit in a range of motion Increase in spasticity Increase in pain Red or swollen joint Swelling in a lower leg that mimics a deep vein thrombosis |
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What is the prevalence of clinically significant HO and TBI? |
10-20% |
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This condition is the third leading cause of death in those for survive injury beyond the first day |
Pulmonary embolism |
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The most common approach for avoiding DVT is administering this when the risk of renewed intracranial hemorrhage has ceased. |
Anticoagulants |
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Name a widely used anticoagulant. |
Heparin |
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What is the prevalence of chronic pain in persons with brain injury? |
58% |
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This condition results when an individual has lost bladder control due to injury to the neurological system. |
Neurogenic bladder |
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Which cranial nerves are involved in the visual system? |
II - Optic III - Oculomotor IV - Trochlear VI - Abducens |
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What cranial nerves are involved in swallowing? |
IX - glossopharyngeal X - vagus XII - Hypoglossal |
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Which cranial nerve is involved with the sense of smell? |
I - olfactory |
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Which nerves are involved in the sense of taste/gustatory? |
IX - Glossopharyngeal VII - facial |
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What cranial nerve is involved in the auditory system? |
VIII - Vestibulocochlear |
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What cranial nerves are involved with the autonomic nervous system? |
X – Vagas VII - Facial |
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The somatosensory systems sends nerve impulses regarding these areas of touch. |
Proprioception Tactile sensation Thermal sensation Pressure sensation Pain |
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What are the common deficits in overall functional mobility that someone may experience following a traumatic brain injury? |
Transfers Bed mobility Transfers Sitting Standing balance Postural control Gait/walking Community mobility |
