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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The deffinition of respiration is?
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The process of moving O2 to tissues for aerobic metabolism and removal of C02
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Wich direction does O2 move across the system by simple diffusion?
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From the atomsphere to tissue for aerobic metabolism
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Wich direction does CO2 move across the system by simple diffusion?
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From the intracellular to the atmosphere
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How much CO2 does the average adult produce a min.?
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200 ml
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Alveolar O2 tension (dalton`s Law)
of partial pressure equation is? |
pAO2= FIO2(PB-47)-(PACO2 x 0.8) or times it by 1.2
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PBAR is?
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Barometric Pressure
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PAN= PB- (PAO2+PACO2+PH2O) is the formula for?
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Change in the alveolar gas of partial tensions
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PAN2 is determined by what law?
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Dalton`s Law
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In Alverolar or O2 Tention equation you get rid of the____ if the FIO2 is greater than 60.
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0.8
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How many barriers to diffusion have at the A/C membrain?
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3 main barries
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What are the 3 main barriers to diffusions?
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Alveolar epithelium, interstital space and it`s structurs, capillary endothelium
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diffusion occurs along the ___
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pressure gradients
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Ficks Law
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The greater the surface aera diffusion constant and pressure gradient the more diffusion will occur
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COPD is called?
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the 50/50 club
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CO2 and O2 on Ra only can be no higher than what pressure?
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140mmHg
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Pulmonary blood is normally exposed to alveolar gas for _____of a second?
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0.75
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During excercise, pulmonary blood esposure to alveolar gas may fall as low as___ of a second.
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0.25
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With limitation of exsposure to the blood less than___ may be inadequate time for equilibration.
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0.25 sec
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Anatomic shunts go from ___ to ___
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Rt to Lft
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Thebesian veins are the ___
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coronary veins
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Alveolus pressure is?
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100mm Hg for O2 and 46 for CO2
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Venous pressure for O2 is ___mm Hg and___ mmHg for CO2
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40 and 46
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Rt to Lft anatomic shunts exist were?
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Bronical venous drainge and thebesian veins
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Regoinal inequalities changes affect____.
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gas tensions
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If pH is acidotic, it shifts to the Rt or the Lft?
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Rt shift
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If the PH is alckolotic does it shift the line on the disassociation curve rt or lft?
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Lft
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How many O2 can bind to each hemoglobin?
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4
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Hemogolobin range for men is
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13.5-16
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Hemeglobin range for women is?
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12-15
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Does the pH change the affinity for binding hemoglobin to O2?
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yes
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After a week of storage of blood what brakes down and makes it hard for hemoglobin to let go O2
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The 2,3DPG
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Each gram of Hb can bind __ ml of O2
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1.34ml
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What is the % of O2 transported that is bonded not dissolved?
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70%
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Dissolved O2(ml/Dl)=PO2is ___
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0.003
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CAO2=
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(0.003 x Pao2) +(Hb x 1.34 x SAO2)
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At tissue level is there more or less O2 unloading?
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More
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Ficks equation
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-ca(a-v)O2
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normal cardiac output in adults is?
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4-8L
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Ph at ___enhances oygen transport at the tissue for more O2 unloading
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7.37
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Ph at the lungs of ___ enhances O2 loading
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7.4
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When you have a temp. does it increase or decrease metabolic demand for O2?
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increase
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With out ___ Hb, affinity is so great that O2 cannot be unloaded.
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2,3-DPG
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Sicle cell can lead to what?
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hemolysis and thrombi
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What is the most common cause of death with sickel cell?
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Acute chest syndrome
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Methemoglobin is ___
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abnormal iron that cannot bind O2
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Dose Hb bind to co2 better than O2?
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Yes
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How much more greater is Hb affinity to Co2 than O2?
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200 times greater
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Carbon binded with what in Hb?
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combined with protein 12% with amino groups on plasma protiens
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What % of carbon is transported by Ionized bicarbonates due to hydrolysis reaction?
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80%
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What serves as a catalyst for hydrolysis of Hco3
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carbonic anhydrase
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Hamburger phenomenon is
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when HCO3 diffuses out of the RBCs in echange for Cl
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The haldane effect describes the relationship of what and what does it mean?
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As HbO2 increases CaCO2 decreasese
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Hypoemia is defined as
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abnormally low PaCo2
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Absolute low Hb is called what?
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anemia
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Abnormalities of gas echange can be cause by what?
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shock, anemia, deficencies, hypoventilation, hypoemia
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