Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is oliguria? |
The production of abnormally small amounts of urine |
|
What is anuria? |
Failure of the kidneys to produce urine |
|
What is stranguria? |
Painful, frequent urination in small volumes |
|
What is poikuria? |
Irregular passage of urine |
|
What is pollakiuria? |
Frequent passing of urine but in small amounts |
|
What is polyuria? |
Passing abnormally large amounts of urine |
|
What is urinary tenesmus? |
Struggling to urinate |
|
Which catheters have drainage holes each side? |
Red dog catheter |
|
What catheter should be used for a blocked cat? |
Slippery Sam catheter |
|
What catheter is silicone and has a wire guide to ease insertion? |
Silicone cat catheter |
|
Which catheter does not have a luer connector and is compatible with all lubricants? |
Silicone foley catheter |
|
What is made from latex and incorporates an inflatable balloon? |
Latex foley catheter |
|
Which catheter is used in bitches only and has a curved tip to aid insertion? |
Tiemans catheter (yellow) |
|
Which catheter is commonly used in male cats but can be used in females? |
Jackson cat catheter |
|
Which catheter is not indwelling, made from PCV and has soft and flexible insertion? |
Tiemans (yellow) |
|
What is available in 3.5FG and is used in Tom cats only? |
Silicone cat catheter |
|
What conditions may be a result of a urethral obstruction? |
Hyperkalaemia, hyperglycaemia and post renal azotaemia Also may present with dehydration, metabolic acidosis and hypovalaemia |
|
What can be used as a relaxant when placing a urinary catheter? |
Medazolam - relaxes muscles |
|
When does hyperkaleamia occur? |
When the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium and hydrogen ions as a result of glomerular filtration due to impaired kidney function. |
|
What are physiological consequences of pain? |
Hypertension, increased cardiac output, increased respiration |
|
What is the typical amount of urine output? |
1-2ml/kg/hour |
|
How often should a urine bag be monitored? |
Every 4 hours |
|
What should be noted when collecting a urine sample? |
Colour, smell, turbidity, volume, method of collection |
|
How would you calculate urine output? |
1XBWX24 2XBWX24 |
|
What are the different methods of urine collection? |
Cytocentesis Midstream sample Litter tray sample Manual expression Urinary catheterisation |
|
Why do we place urinary catheters? |
Diagnostic - obtain sterile sample Medical - maintenance of output & drug introduction Obstruction - urethral patency & hydropropulsion Surgical - pre and post operative bladder drainage |
|
What are complications of urinary catheterisation? |
Infection Cystitis Blockage obstruction or kinking Self removal or patient interference Urethral damage or inflammation |
|
What is the term for difficulty passing faeces ? |
Dyschezia |
|
What is tenesmus? |
Painful ineffective straining to pass faeces |
|
What is melaena ? |
Dark tarry faeces due to blood loss |
|
What is coprophagia? |
Eating own faeces |
|
What is steatorrhea? |
Passage of pale, fatty faeces |
|
What should you consider with a patient who has diarrhoea? |
Small frequent meals High quality / low protein Clip and clean perianal area |
|
How can enemas be used? |
Warm water Mineral oil Liquid paraffin Phosphate enema Proprietary agent Bowel cleansing agents |
|
What device is often used to administer an evacuant enema to a medium to large sized dog? |
Higginsons syringe |
|
Four potential reasons for administering an enema? |
Constipation Preparing for a diagnostic Surgery preparation Introducing contrast into lower GI tract Drug administration |
|
What are the causes of recumbency? |
Fractures Spinal trauma Neurological injury or disease Spinal tumour Semi-consciousness or comatose state Anaesthetised or sedated patient Shock Paresis Paralysis |