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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Literary Feature Personification |
an inanimate object represented as a living being e.g the flame of the candle danced in the dark |
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Literary Feature
Simile |
direct comparison between two ideas to contrast difference or similarities e.g. like a lion |
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Literary Feature Sibilance |
repetition of the 's' consonant two or more times within short succession |
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Literary Feature Onomatopoeia |
word that imitates or suggests the source of thesound that it describes |
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Literary Feature Alliteration |
repetition of the sounds of the initialconsonant in a series of words or phrases |
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Literary Feature Assonance |
repeating vowel sounds to create internal halfrhyme within sentences e.g. “Men sell the wedding bells” |
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Literary Feature Hyperbole |
exaggeration for effect |
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Literary Feature Litotes |
understatement for effect |
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Literary Feature Oxymoron |
a figure of speech that combines contradictoryterms adjacent to each other e.g. awfully pretty or seriously funny |
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Literary Feature Metaphor |
an analogy in which something is said to besomething else e.g. “He is the black sheep of the family” |
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Literary Feature
Pathetic fallacy |
to foreshadow or mirror events tocome through use of weather/nature/elements |
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Rhetorical Feature
Collocations |
two terms that are directly related to oneanother e.g. freedom and justice |
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Rhetorical Feature
Antithesis |
use of opposites for effect e.g. black and white |
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Rhetorical Feature
Syntactic parallel |
repetition of structure in successivesentences to emphasise proposal e.g. “Alice ran into the room, into the garden, and into our hearts.” |
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Rhetoric Feature Repetition |
repeating a word, term or clause |
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Rhetoric Feature Anadiplosis |
the repetition of a word that ends the clause,at the beginning of a new clause |
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Rhetoric Feature Anastrophe |
inverting the natural order of words in speech e.g. "Intelligent she was not. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction." |
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Rhetorical Feature Polysyndeton |
several conjunctions (“and”) used in closesuccession |
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Literary Feature Anthropomorphism |
animals acting as humans |
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Literary Feature Zoomorphism |
humans acting as animals |
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Rhetorical Feature Polyptoton |
using a word in differet word classes e.g. sing and song |
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Linguistic Feature Foregrounding |
giving prominence to one element within a textoften placing it at the front |
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Linguistic Feature Inversion |
change of the usual word order e.g. "Where in the world were you!" |
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Linguistic Feature Syndetic list |
a list that ends with the final item addressedbeforehand with ‘and' |
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Linguistic Feature Asyndetic List |
a list that does not have a final linking word |
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Linguistic Feature Elision |
the fusion of two words to create one e.g. “gonna” is an elision of the phrase “going to" |
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Linguistic Feature Ellipsis |
... |
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Linguistic Feature Discourse Marker |
word to indicate the start of a newsubject e.g. "so" "right" "okay" |
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Linguistic Feature Neologism |
the introduction of a new word
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Linguistic Feature Intensifier |
servesas an enhancer or emphasis upon emotion e.g. "amazingly good" |
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Linguistic Feature Deictic |
relating to a particular word thatrequires contextual background e.g. "this" |
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Cohesion Cataphoric |
indicates something to come |
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Literary/Speech Feature Colloquial |
variety of language commonly employed in informal situations e.g. a bunch of numpties – a group of idiots |
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Cohesion Anaphoric |
reference to something alreadymentioned |
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Cohesion Synonyms |
aword that means the exact or close to another word |
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Cohesion Transition |
useof transitional words to link events or emotions |
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Cohesion Repetition |
repeatinga key word between paragraphs to create similar ideas |
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Cohesion Referencing |
referringto subjects and ideas through pronouns and figures of speech |
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Cohesion Additive Conjunction |
e.g. "and" or "in addition" |
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Cohesion Causal Conjunction |
e.g "because" |
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Cohesion Adversative Conjunction |
e.g. "but" or "however" |
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Cohesion Temporal Conjunction |
e.g. "then" or "when" |
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Literary Crafting Exposition |
the gradual revealing of a character |
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Syntax Complex |
oneindependent clause, with two or more dependent clauses e.g. "because my coffee was too cold, I heated it in the microwave" or "Though he was very rich, he was still very unhappy" |
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Syntax Compound |
twoindependent clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction e.g. "I really want to go to work, but I am too sick to drive" or "I am counting my calories, yet I really want dessert" |
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Syntax Simple |
one independent clause e.g. "The girl sprinted after the tiger" or "The cat purred" |
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Syntax Minor |
averb is unnecessary, often an exclamation e.g. "Not right now" or "Mary here" or "Go!" or "You over there!" |
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Syntax Declarative |
usedto convey information to make statements |
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Syntax Interrogative |
usedto ask questions |
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Syntax Exclamatory |
usedto make exclamations |
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Syntax Imperative |
issuing orders or directions |
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Verbs Dynamic |
describes an action e.g. "Joe is chasing the bus." |
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Verbs Stative |
describes something as having a state or existing e.g. "Kevin wants some ice-cream." |
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Verbs Non-finite |
describe a something that is not showing tense e.g. "I hate camping" or "Arriving late, I saw the other kids and they seemed to be excited" |
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Verbs Tense |
determined by when the action took place e.g. "I walked to work" or "I walk to work" or "I will walk to work" |
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Verbs Modal |
an auxiliary verb that expresses necessity or possibility e.g. "must" "shall" "will" "should" "would" "can" "could" "may" "might" |
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Speech Direct Speech |
reporting clause e.g “It’s snowing” he said |
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Speech Free Direct Speech |
allowingpace with no reporting clause e.g. It is snowing |
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Speech Indirect Speech |
reported e.g. he said it was snowing |
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Grice's Maxims Maxim of Relevance |
be relevant to the context of the conversation |
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Grice's Maxims Maxim of Truth |
be truthful and have enough evidence for what you say |
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Grice's Maxims Maxim of Quantity |
don't say too much or too little |
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Grice's Maxims Maxim of Manner |
speak in a clear, coherent and orderly way |
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Archaic |
a word that is no longer in use |
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Register |
frozen,very formal, colloquial, slang, taboo |
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Phatic |
smalltalk |
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Adjacency Pair |
couplespeaking |
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Contraction |
syllableor word group by omission of internal letters |
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Tag Questions |
questionsthat end a sentence |
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Low Frequency Lexis |
sophisticated words |
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High Frequency Lexis |
everyday langauage |
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Modifiers |
a word (such as an adjective or adverb) or phrase that describes another word or group of words
e.g. In “a red hat,” the adjective “red” is a modifier describing the noun “hat.” |
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Superlative |
the best it can be (overexaggeration) |