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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Backbenchers
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In Westminster parliamentary systems, a backbencher is a Member of Parliament (MP) or a legislator who does not hold governmental office and is not a Front Bench spokesperson in the Opposition.
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Beveridge Report
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The Beveridge Report was the Report of the Inter-Departmental Committee on Social Insurance and Allied Services. The report identified five "Giant Evils" in society: squalor, ignorance, want, idleness and disease; proposed widespread reform to the system of social welfare in the United Kingdom to address these.
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Cabinet
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The collective decision-making body of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, composed of the Prime Minister and some 22 Cabinet Ministers, the most senior of the government ministers
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Collectivist Consensus
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Post–World War II agreement between the Labour and Conservative Parties to expand the welfare state and nationalize parts of industry.
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Collective Responsibility
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the Cabinet must publicly support all governmental decisions made in Cabinet, even if they do not privately agree with them.
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Confederation of British Industry
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National organization representing business interests.
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Conservative Party
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Main liberal party in Britain
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Coporatism
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is a system of economic, political, or social organization that views a community as a body based upon organic social solidarity and functional distinction and roles among individuals
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Devolution
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the transfer of power from a central government to subnational authorities.
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Downing Street
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Downing Street is the street in London, England, United Kingdom, which for over two hundred years has contained the official residences of two of the most senior British cabinet ministers: the First Lord of the Treasury, an office held by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and the Second Lord of the Treasury, an office held by the Chancellor of the Exchequer
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Confederation of British Industry
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National organization representing business interests.
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Euroskeptic
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People opposed to expansion of the EU's power.
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First-past-the-post
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Electoral system based on single-member districts in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins
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Frontbenchers
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In many parliaments and other similar assemblies, seating is typically arranged in banks or rows, with each political party or caucus grouped together. The spokespeople for each group will often sit at the front of their group, and are then known as being on the frontbench (or front bench) and are described as frontbenchers
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Fusion of Powers
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a feature of parliamentary democracies, wherein the executive and legislative branches are intermingled
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Good Friday Agreement
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Accord between the governments of the United Kingdom and the republic of Ireland and the dominant political factions in Northern Ireland, designed to bring an end to the conflict between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland.
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Gradualism
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Slow change, not a radical event such as an uprising.
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Irish Republican Army
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an underground Irish nationalist organization founded to work for Irish independence from Great Britain: declared illegal by the Irish government in 1936, but continues activity aimed at the unification of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
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Keynesian Welfare State
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State of economy when fiscal policy leads of deficit spending furthers the nations debt - leads to stagflation. Ex. 70's U.S.
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Labour Party
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The leading left-wing party in Britain, in power since 1997.
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Liberal Democratic Party
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In Britain, the number-three party and in some ways the most radical
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Manifesto
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In Britain and other parliamentary systems, another term for a party's platform in an election campaign.
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Mixed Economy
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an economy in which there are elements of both public and private enterprise.
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Nationalization
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Philosophies or attitudes that stress the importance of extending the power or support for a nation; government takeover of private business.
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Official Secrets Act
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A stock short title that provides for the protection of state secrets and official information, mainly related to national security.
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Parliament
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The legislature of Great Britain, historically the assembly of the three estates, now composed of Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal, forming together the house of Lords, and representatives of the counties, cities, boroughs, and universities, forming the House of Commons
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Privatization
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The selling off of state-owned companies.
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Proportional representation
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Electoral system in which parties receive a number of seats in parliament proportionate to their share of the vote
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QUANGO
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A semi-public advisory and administrative body supported by the government and having most of its members appointed by the government
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Shadow cabinet
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In systems like Britain's, the official leadership of the opposition party that "shadows" the cabinet
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Social Democratic Party
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a political party in Germany and Britain (and elsewhere) founded in late 19th century
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Thatcherism
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the policies of monetarism, privatization, and self-help promoted by Margaret Thatcher.
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United Kingdom
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a kingdom in NW europe, consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: formerly comprising Great Britain and Ireland.
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Westminister
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a central borough (officially a city) of Greater London, England: Westminster Abbey, Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace
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Whitehall
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the British government or its policies
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Broadening
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Support for expanding EU membership.
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Codecision
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A procedure introduced with the Maastricht Treaty which was initially intended to replace the Cooperation procedure
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Deepening
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Expansion of the EU's powers
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Democratic Deficit
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The lack of democratic procedures in the EU.
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Qualified Majority Voting
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The EU voting system in which the Council of Ministers does not need to reach unanimity on most issues
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Subsidiary
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In the EU, policy that devolves decision making to the lowest appropriate level
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Supranational
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Authority that transcends national borders
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Three Pillars
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Informal term denoting the main areas in which the EU has worked since the Maastricht Treaty
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Maastricht Treaty
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Created the EU and EMU; signed in 1992.
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Three Line Whip
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In the parliamentary system, statements to MPs that they must vote according to the party's wishes
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Trade Union Congress
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a national trade union centre, a federation of trade unions in the United Kingdom, representing the majority of trade unions.
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Vote of Confidence
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In a parliamentary system, a vote in which the members express their support for (or opposition to) the government's policies. If it loses, the government must resign.
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Unitary State
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Regimes in which subnational units have little or no power
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Democratic Deficit
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The lack of democratic procedures in the EU
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Qualified Majority Voting
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The EU voting system in which the Council of Ministers does not need to reach unanimity on most issues
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Subsidiarity
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In the EU, policy that devolves decision making to the lowest appropriate level
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Supranational
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Authority that transcends national borders
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Three Pillars
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Informal term denoting the main areas in which the EU has worked since the Maastricht Treaty
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Unanimity Principle
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Formerly required for all decisions in the EU, now only for major new policies
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Common Agricultural Policy
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The EU's agricultural policy, blamed for many of its economic troubles and likely to be changed as it adds new members
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Common Market
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Colloquial name used to describe the European Union, especially in its early years
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European Coal and Steel Community
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an economic union created in 1952 and providing for the pooling of coal, iron, and steel production in Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany
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European Community
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an association of W European countries that includes the European Atomic energy Community (Euratom), the European Economic Community, the European Parliament, and allied organizations.
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European Court of Justice
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the highest court in the European Union in matters of European Union law
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European Monetary Union
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The current name of the "Common Market."
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European Parliament
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The EU's legislature
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Single European Act
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the first major revision of the 1957 Treaty of Rome., Adopted by members of the European Community in 1987, this act committed member countries to establish a single market by the end of 1992
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Great Britain
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an island of NW europe, separated from the mainland by the English Channel and the North Sea: since 1707 the name has applied politically to England, Scotland, and Wales
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