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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
DEF: An invastion of body tissue by pathogenic microorganisms which proliferate and can cause damage/loss of function.
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Infection
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DEF: Term meaning disease producing
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Pathogenic
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DEF: To grow and multiply
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Proliferate
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A condition of abnormal function involving any structure, part, or system of the organism.
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Disease
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T/F - Pathogenic organisms are only found in/on the body when we are sick.
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FALSE - Pathogenic organisms are always on/in the body but only affect us when we become susceptible to disease.
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T/F - A disease is not always an infection.
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TRUE - Disease is an condition of abnormal function, but NOT necessarily caused by pathogenic organisms.
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DEF: The process by which strains of microorganisms may grow & multiply but do not cause disease.
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Colonization
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DEF: Strains of microorganisms which grow on (colonize) the body but do not produce disease
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Resident Flora
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T/F - E. coli is commonly found in the urinary tract but causes problems in the GI tract.
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False - E. coli is commonly found in the GI tract but causes problems in the URINARY tract.
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DEF: The causal relationship between a problem and its related or risk factors.
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Etiology
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DEF: The most common cause of infections.
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Bacteria
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4 causes of infections. (does not include Pions).
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Bacteria
Virus Fungi Parasites (including protozoa) |
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An infection that is transmitted from one person to another is called...
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Communicable (transmitted in the community)
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An infection that is acquired during delivery of health care.
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HAI (healthcare associated infection)
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An infection that is acquired in the hospital.
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Nosocomial
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DEF: A type of infection or disease coming from the person himself
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Endogenous
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DEF: A type of infection or disease coming from an outside source
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Exogenous
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DEF: A type of infection or disease caused as a direct result of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
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iatrogenic
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A major cause of HAI and/or nosocomial infections
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Handwashing
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T/F - If a patient develops a pressure ulcer because of insufficient turning, that is an iatrogenic incident.
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FALSE - The ulcer was not caused SPECIFICALLY by a procedure.
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An infection in the blood.
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Bacteremia
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An infection causing multiple organs to be involved.
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Septicemia; patients called septic, or as having sepsis.
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DEF: Rapid onset.
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Acute
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DEF: Type of condition lasting longer than 6 months
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Chronic
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Describes infections that don't respond to antibiotics.
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Resistant, aka Superbugs
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DEF: An infection that is caused because of a weakened immune system
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Supra-infection, aka opportunistic infection
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Which is/are a factor(s) in risk for infection:
Nutritional status Heredity Stress Cultural Practices |
All.
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DEF: another name for swelling
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Edema
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DEF: another name for redness
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erythema
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Who would have a change in sensorium and when?
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Elderly when suffering an infection.
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Type of Immunity when host produces its own antibodies from exposure to antigens.
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ACTIVE Antibody mediated (B-cell). Can be Natural exposure (from the disease agent) or artificial (antigens are given to cause the response; vaccine)
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Type of Immunity when host receives antibodies.
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PASSIVE Antibody mediated (B-cell). Can be natural (baby receives antibodies from the mother) or artificial (company manufactures antibodies)
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Type of immunity from T-cells; age decreases effectiveness.
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Cell-mediated immunity
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T/F Hot water solidifies protein.
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TRUE - Wash uniforms in cold water to remove blood
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A 1:10 bleach solution will have what effect on inanimate objects; cannot be done to live tissue.
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Disinfect
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The removal of all organisms from an inanimate object.
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Sterilization
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CHAIN OF INFECTION: The cause of an infection.
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Etiologic agent
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CHAIN OF INFECTION: Where is that agent/organism living and growing in the body
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Reservoir
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DEF: People who have an infectious organisms living in them but do not have the illness.
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Carriers
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DEF: Ability to produce diesase
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Virulence
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DEF: How an etiologic agent leaves the body.
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Portal of exit
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DEF: How an etiologic agent moves from one person to another.
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Mode of transmission
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Mode of transmission: sneezing or coughing w/in 3 feet, biting, , sexual contact
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Direct contact
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Mode of transmission: Vehicle borne (fomites) or vector borne (insects or animal carrier)
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Indirect contact
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Mode of transmission: from a distance greater than 3 feet.
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Airborne
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DEF: How an etiologic agent enters a potential host
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Portal of entry
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DEF: A person at risk for contracting disease from an etiologic agent
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Susceptible host
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Systems of Isolation Precautions for Organisms <5 microns
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Airborne precautions - N95 mask
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Systems of Isolation Precautions: Organisms >5 microns
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Droplet precautions - surgical mask
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Systems of Isolation Precautions: Organisms passed through direct interaction between hosts and susceptible hosts
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Contact - glove, gown
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Isolation to protect the client due to compromised immunity.
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Reverse Isolation - precautions to keep from introducing anything to the client
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