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261 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. __________ is a spontaneous expulsion of an embryo or a fetus from the uterus occurring naturally with no causal intervention.
|
miscarriage
|
|
“Quickening” is
|
fetal movement beginning at about 20 weeks of pregnancy
|
|
The anti-abortion drive in the United States did not gain a lot of attention until the _______________ century.
|
19th
|
|
By what year were there laws against abortion in practically every state in the U.S.?
|
1990
|
|
Abortion was made legal by the U.S. Supreme Court in
|
1973
|
|
The Supreme Court case that legalized abortion was
|
roe vs wade
|
|
The Supreme Court’s division of pregnancy into three parts or trimesters
|
gave a woman less choice about abortion as she advanced toward full term
|
|
During the second trimester, abortion rights remain up to the point when the fetus is deemed viable, which means that the fetus
|
has the capability of surviving outside of the uterus
|
|
Most clinicians define a fetus as viable at ______ weeks of gestation.
|
24
|
|
What did Roe v. Wade establish as the key criterion in establishing the point beyond which a woman’s right to choose abortion becomes markedly restricted?
|
the viability of the fetus
|
|
According to the Supreme Court, a state may NOT bar abortion
|
if the womans health is in jeopardy
|
|
Women below the federal poverty threshold have an abortion rate more than ______ that of higher income women.
|
4 times
|
|
Currently, how many states provide nonfederal public money to assist some poor women seeking medically necessary abortions?
|
17
|
|
A reversal of Roe v. Wade would
|
permit states to prohibit abortion
|
|
The belief that any abortion is murder is representative of what group?
|
pro-life
|
|
Which of the following is a pro-life view?
|
abortion has overall destructive effects
|
|
The belief that women must have the freedom to decide whether and when to have children is representative of what view?
|
pro choice
|
|
What percentage of Americans identify themselves as pro-life?
|
42%
|
|
What percentage of Americans identify themselves as pro-choice?
|
53%
|
|
The attitude of most adult Americans toward abortion is
|
continue to be legal
|
|
According to the Supreme Court, a state may NOT bar abortion
|
if the womans health is in jeopardy
|
|
Women below the federal poverty threshold have an abortion rate more than ______ that of higher income women.
|
4 times
|
|
Currently, how many states provide nonfederal public money to assist some poor women seeking medically necessary abortions?
|
17
|
|
A reversal of Roe v. Wade would
|
permit states to prohibit abortion
|
|
The belief that any abortion is murder is representative of what group?
|
pro-life
|
|
Which of the following is a pro-life view?
|
abortion has overall destructive effects
|
|
The belief that women must have the freedom to decide whether and when to have children is representative of what view?
|
pro choice
|
|
What percentage of Americans identify themselves as pro-life?
|
42%
|
|
What percentage of Americans identify themselves as pro-choice?
|
53%
|
|
The attitude of most adult Americans toward abortion is
|
continue to be legal
|
|
Since 1973, the average number of weeks at which viability is achieved has been reduced to _____ weeks.
|
24 weeks
|
|
Most induced abortions occur _______________ weeks of gestation.
|
first 8
|
|
The birth parents and the adoptive parents never know each other in a(n) ________ adoption.
|
confidential
|
|
The birth parents and the adoptive parents know something about one another and may meet in a(n) ________ adoption.
|
open
|
|
Which of the following is the MOST common abortion method?
|
surgical
|
|
Surgical abortions make up what percentage of all abortions?
|
87%
|
|
At current rates, about ______ percent of American women will have had an abortion by age 45.
|
33%
|
|
Suction curettage is used in about what percentage of all abortions performed in the U.S.?
|
90%
|
|
Suction curettage is the most common method of abortion in
|
the first trimester
|
|
A newer abortion option available in some locations to women in the earliest stages of pregnancy is
|
a manual vaccumm aspiration
|
|
A method of late-term abortion that makes use of prostaglandins to cause uterine contractions is called
|
labor induction
|
|
The most common method of abortion during the 13th to 24th weeks of pregnancy is
|
dialiation/ eraculation
|
|
49. Medical abortion is approved for use
|
within 49 days of the last menstral period
|
|
Mifepristone is approved for use for up to _____ days after the last menstrual period.
|
49
|
|
Methotrexate, when used with prostaglandin, induces an abortion by
|
stopping the embryonic cells from dividing
|
|
The most common physical complication of abortion is
|
infection
|
|
Which of the following is a post-abortion danger sign?
|
abdominal tenderness
|
|
Overall, mortality from abortion
|
is low
|
|
The average annual cost of raising a child is about
|
11-22,000 a year
|
|
The average age of first time mothers has increased by how many years from 1970 to 2000?
|
3.6 years
|
|
Women over what age have a higher incidence of health problems for both themselves and their babies?
|
35 years
|
|
Women under what age have a higher incidence of medical problems to both mother and baby?
|
20 years old
|
|
5. The estimated monthly daycare costs for an infant in the United States is
|
379-1216 prematuree
|
|
6. Women should be vaccinated against which of the following before becoming pregnant?
|
Rebella
|
|
8. What genetic syndrome are babies at risk of if their mother is over the age of 35?
|
down syndrome
|
|
10. Sickle-cell disease is well known to affect African Americans, but what other ethnic group is also greatly affected by this disease?
|
latinos
|
|
14. ________________ is the natural process of fertilization of an egg by a sperm.
|
conception
|
|
15. The cell that is created from the fertilization of an ovum with a sperm is called a(n)
|
zygote
|
|
16. Conception normally occurs in the
|
filopian tube
|
|
17. The hollow organ in which the blastocyst embeds itself is the
|
uterus
|
|
18. The basic units of heredity that direct the structure and function of all body cells are
|
genes
|
|
19. If the female egg is not fertilized, it will last about
|
24 hours
|
|
20. An ovum or a sperm has _________ chromosomes.
|
23
|
|
21. Barbara has just given birth to quadruplets—two boys and two girls. At least how many eggs had to be fertilized?
|
2
|
|
22. Alice delivered a set of fraternal twins. Which of the following statements about them is TRUE?
|
the resulted from 2 ova each fertilized by separate sperm
|
|
23. Identical twins
|
share same genetic code
|
|
24. Fraternal twins
|
are no more alike than other siblings
|
|
25. What percentage of reproductive-age population of the United States is affected by infertility?
|
15%
|
|
26. What percentage of the factors contributing to infertility is caused by the male?
|
20%
|
|
27. One of the leading causes of female infertility in young women is
|
block filopian tubes
|
|
28. Pelvic inflammatory disease is most often the result of
|
infectious from sexually transmitted disease
|
|
30. ____________ is a condition in which the uterine lining grows outside of the uterus.
|
endometriosis
|
|
34. A common treatment approach for infertility resulting from a low sperm count is
|
artificial insemination
|
|
35. ____________ is collecting and concentrating the man’s sperm and introducing it by syringe into a woman’s vagina or uterus.
|
artificial insemination
|
|
36. The process that results in fertilization of an ovum in a laboratory dish is called
|
invetrofertilization
|
|
37. Surgically placing eggs and sperm into the fallopian tubes prior to fertilization is known as
|
GIFT / gamete intro filopian transfer
|
|
38. Which of the following is the most common treatment for infertility?
|
fertility . drug. therapy
|
|
39. The hormone found only in pregnant women that, when detected, confirms pregnancy is
|
human corinoic hcg adaptation
|
|
40. Human chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone
|
secreuly the implanted fertilized open
|
|
42. Hegar’s sign is
|
the suffly of the uterus near the cigruix
|
|
43. Four weeks after a woman misses her menstrual period, she would be considered to be about ________ weeks pregnant.
|
8
|
|
44. What is the average weight gain during pregnancy?
|
27 1/2 pounds
|
|
45. The settling of the fetus into the pelvic cavity
|
lightining
|
|
46. Braxton Hicks contractions and lightening occur during
|
the 3rd trimester
|
|
47. The greatest degree of physical stress associated with pregnancy occurs
|
during the 3rd trimester
|
|
49. What percentage of women will experience symptoms of major depression?
|
20%
|
|
50. Cell differentiation and subsequent fetal development are directed by
|
genetic instructions
|
|
51. The conglomerate of cells that implants in the uterus and lays the foundation for the development of the placenta and the eventual development of the fetus is the
|
blastocyst
|
|
52. The inner cells of the blastocyst separate into three layers. These three layers become the
|
embryo
|
|
53. The outer shell of the conglomerate of cells that embeds in the uterus becomes the
|
plecenta
|
|
54. The blastocyst becomes an embryo about ________ days after fertilization.
|
14
|
|
56. The stage of development between implantation through about the 8th week after conception is known as a(n)
|
embryo
|
|
57. The stage of prenatal development characterized by development of major body structures and organ systems is
|
the first trimester
|
|
58. Which of the following occurs during the first trimester?
|
heart begins to beat
|
|
59. The ___________ provides a two-way exchange of nutrients and waste materials between the mother and the fetus.
|
plecenta
|
|
62. The earliest point in pregnancy in which a fetus might survive outside of the uterus is the
|
end of the 2nd trimester
|
|
63. An ultrasound does NOT provide information about
|
down syndrome
|
|
64. Ultrasonography is LEAST useful in determining
|
genetic disorders
|
|
67. The quadruple marker screen (QMS) is used to detect
|
neural tube defects
|
|
69. A quadruple marker screen (QMS) blood test can be used to help identify
|
fetus;s with nural tube defects
|
|
71. To decrease the risk of neural tube defects, women who are capable of becoming pregnant are urged to consume at least 400 micrograms daily of
|
folic acid
|
|
72. Researchers have linked high levels of stress in pregnant women to all of the following, EXCEPT
|
down syndrome
|
|
74. Stress during pregnancy can lead to increased maternal levels of
|
estrogen
|
|
76. The proper intake of the B vitamin folate before conception and during pregnancy has been shown to decrease the risk of
|
spinabifia
|
|
77. Most types of birth defects occur during the
|
the first trimester
|
|
78. Unusual facial features, a small head, and heart defects are characteristic of babies born to mothers
|
drink/use alcohol during pregnancy
|
|
80. Cigarette use during pregnancy is likely to result in a baby
|
with low birth weight
|
|
81. Infants of women who smoke have an increased risk of
|
nemunia
|
|
82. A baby born to a woman who has used cocaine during pregnancy may exhibit which one of the following characteristics?
|
defects in the urinary tract
|
|
83. The most common cause of life-threatening infections in newborns is
|
group b streptockus
|
|
85. Neonatal blindness is caused most often by which of the following sexually transmitted diseases?
|
ganuria
|
|
88. Which one of the following is the most customary recommendation regarding exercise during pregnancy?
|
continue a moderate exercise program
|
|
90. ____________ exercises are recommended for pregnant women to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
|
kegal
|
|
92. When a fertilized ovum becomes implanted at a site other than the uterus, the resulting condition is known as a(n) _______________ pregnancy.
|
ectopic
|
|
93. A spontaneous abortion is more commonly known as
|
a misscarriage
|
|
97. The first stage of labor is characterized by
|
dialiation of the cervix
|
|
99. The second stage of labor is characterized by
|
the delivery of the baby
|
|
100. The third stage of labor is characterized by
|
the delivery of the plecenta
|
|
101. The Apgar score 5 minutes after birth that indicates a newborn baby is doing well is
|
7-10
|
|
59. The most popular barrier method of contraception is the
|
male condom
|
|
60. What percentage of male condoms are purchased by women?
|
33%
|
|
62. The perfect use failure rate during the first year of usage is about ____ percent.
|
2%
|
|
63. The breakage rate for latex male condoms is about ____ time(s) for every 100 instances of use.
|
1 to 2
|
|
64. If a condom breaks, an appropriate strategy for reducing the risk of pregnancy is to
|
Plan B / Emergency kill
|
|
66. Which of the following is a disadvantage of condom use?
|
diminished sensation
|
|
71. The typical first-year failure rate of the female condom is _______ percent.
|
27%
|
|
72. The function of the diaphragm is to
|
cover the sevia
|
|
73. The diaphragm can be inserted up to how long before intercourse?
|
6 hours
|
|
74. After intercourse, the diaphragm should be left in for at least
|
6 hours
|
|
80. A thimble-shaped cup that fits over the cervix and serves as a barrier to sperm is the
|
fem cap
|
|
86. Vaginal spermicides must be inserted no more than how long before intercourse?
|
60 minutes
|
|
89. Vaginal Contraceptive Film® is a type of
|
spermicidal sapisotory
|
|
91. Vaginal spermicides start drastically losing effectiveness _____ hour(s) after insertion into the vagina.
|
1
|
|
92. The most effective vaginal spermicide when used alone is probably
|
foam
|
|
93. The life span of an unfertilized egg is about _____ hours.
|
24
|
|
97. The temperature method of birth control is based on the knowledge that a woman’s body temperature goes
|
just before obulation down slightly
|
|
100. Withdrawal has a relatively low effectiveness as a contraceptive method because of the presence of the
|
pre ejaculatory fluid
|
|
101. Surgical severing of the ducts that carry the sperm to the seminal vesicles is called
|
vesecutury
|
|
103. Tubal sterilization or tubal ligation entails the severing or blocking of the
|
oviducts
|
|
106. Surgical removal of the uterus is called
|
historectumy
|
|
2. ______________ includes the activities, abilities, and characteristics that a culture has deemed appropriate for us based on whether we are male or female.
|
gender role
|
|
3. Our gender role is first defined for us by our
|
gender role / culture
|
|
6. Our first relationships outside our family are
|
friendships
|
|
7. Friendships usually include all of the following characteristics, EXCEPT
|
companiship , exceptence, recipacity, all not the exceptions
|
|
8. Characteristics of friendships include all of the following, EXCEPT
|
respect, trust, and loyalty not the exceptions
|
|
9. A characteristic of friendship includes reciprocity, which means
|
give and take between friends
|
|
10. As of 2004, the percentage of Americans that have no one to confide in is about 25 percent; this is ________ since 1985.
|
up
|
|
13. The most long lasting element of love is
|
commitment
|
|
15. The element that is LEAST characteristic of enduring love relationships is
|
infatuation
|
|
18. Emotions that can accompany physiological arousal include
|
love, fear, frustration
|
|
21. Approximately ______ percent of married people will have an affair during their marriage.
|
10 to 20 %
|
|
22. Which is a common expectation that can hurt a relationship?
|
expecting your partner to change
|
|
23. Jealousy is
|
a measure of insecurity
|
|
31. “Revealing personal information that we ordinarily wouldn’t reveal because of the risk involved” describes
|
self-disclosure
|
|
32. Which of the following is NOT a component of good listening?
|
resperting, impathising, an d maintaining eye contact
|
|
35. Female communication patterns can often be described as
|
afealative
|
|
36. Male communication patterns can often be described as
|
competitive
|
|
46. In traditional male-female dating relationships, the development of the relationship follows the order of
|
casual dating, exclusive dating, engagment, and marriage
|
|
47. Getting together in groups, a more casual form of contemporary dating, is probably a product of
|
equality of the sexes
|
|
48. Living together in a sexual relationship without being married describes
|
cohabitation
|
|
49. By age 30, what percentage of men and women have lived together without being married (cohabitated)?
|
50%
|
|
50. Cohabitation is
|
increasing in popularity
|
|
53. In cultures where parent-arranged marriages are common, marriages are
|
stable
|
|
60. One difference between heterosexual and homosexual couples is that same-sex partnerships tend to
|
to be more equal
|
|
62. Marital status affects
|
social security, federal tax status, medicaid eligibility
|
|
65. Today, people marry more
|
personal emotional reasons
|
|
68. Commitment is based on
|
conscious choice
|
|
70. Approximately what percentage of married women are in the labor force?
|
more than 50%
|
|
72. The high American divorce rate probably represents
|
high emotional expectations of marriage
|
|
73. Based on current rates, what percentage of people marrying today will eventually divorce?
|
50-55%
|
|
74. The divorce process usually begins with
|
emotional separation
|
|
75. The greatest stress-producing event in life is usually
|
death of a spouse or family member
|
|
76. After a divorce occurs, the recovery period usually does not start for about
|
1 year after divorce
|
|
77. Approximately what percentage of divorced people marry again?
|
75%
|
|
78. About 75 percent of divorced people remarry, often within ____ year(s).
|
5 years
|
|
83. Once children grow up and leave home, marital satisfaction
|
marrital satisfaction increases
|
|
84. About ______ percent of all children under age 18 live with only one parent.
|
20-30%
|
|
85. The primary problems for single-parent families headed by women are
|
econmic
|
|
1. Gonads are
|
ovary and testies
|
|
2. What are considered the basic units of reproduction in both males and females?
|
germ cells
|
|
3. The external female sex organs are called
|
vulva
|
|
4. The __________ consists of spongy tissue that becomes engorged with blood during sexual excitement.
|
penis and clitoris
|
|
5. The prepuce is also called the
|
cletoral hood
|
|
8. A direct analogy can be made between the clitoris and the
|
and glands penis
|
|
9. The fallopian tubes link the
|
ovaries and uterus
|
|
10. The fertilized egg is implanted in the ________ where it grows into a fetus.
|
uterus
|
|
11. The purpose of the scrotum is to
|
maintain temperature of the testies
|
|
12. The normal difference between testicular temperature and body temperature is that the testes are _______________ than the rest of the body.
|
5 degrees cooler
|
|
13. Sperm are manufactured in the
|
testies tubules
|
|
14. The sperm-storing structure on the surface of the testicles is the
|
epididums
|
|
15. Sperm is carried from the epididymis through the
|
vas deferens
|
|
20. What percentage of newborn males in the United States are circumcised?
|
60-70%
|
|
21. Male circumcision involves removal of
|
prepuce
|
|
22. Although American newborn males are circumcised at a rate of _______ percent, the worldwide rate is about _________ percent.
|
60%, 30%
|
|
24. Circumcision is the surgical removal of the
|
foreskin of the penis
|
|
27. Male sex hormones include high levels of
|
adrogens
|
|
28. Which of the following sexual identification and set of hormones go together?
|
female estrogens and progesterones
|
|
30. The hormones secreted by the _______ gland regulate the hormones secreted by the ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands.
|
petunitary
|
|
31. Which of the following chromosomal configurations denotes female?
|
xx female
|
|
32. Which of the following chromosomal configurations denotes male?
|
xy male
|
|
33. Which male organ produces testosterone?
|
testies
|
|
35. The first sign of female puberty is
|
breast deveolpment
|
|
36. Which of the following is the first phase of the menstrual cycle?
|
menses
|
|
37. The average age of menarche in the United States is around
|
12 years of age
|
|
39. The menstrual cycle consists of four phases is the following order:
|
menses, estrogenic, ovulation, progulotion
|
|
40. Which of the four phases of the menstrual cycle is characterized by menstrual flow?
|
menses
|
|
41. The release of the ovum is a characteristic of
|
ovulation
|
|
42. Ovulation usually occurs
|
14 days prior to onset menses
|
|
44. Place the following conditions in order of severity of symptoms, going from least severe to most severe.
|
premestrill tension, premenstral syndrome, premenstral dysphonic disorder
|
|
45. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)?
|
2 years
|
|
49. The cessation of menstruation around age 50 is called
|
menopause
|
|
54. The most obvious and effective physical stimulation involves
|
touching
|
|
55. Areas of the body that are sensitive to touch are called
|
erogenous zones
|
|
56. The engorgement of tissues that results when more blood flows into an organ than is flowing out is called
|
vascongestion
|
|
57. The first stage of the sexual response cycle is the _______________ phase.
|
excitement phase
|
|
59. The second stage of the sexual response cycle is the _______________ phase.
|
plateau phase
|
|
61. The third stage of the sexual response cycle is the _______________ phase.
|
orgasmic phase
|
|
63. The fourth stage of the sexual response cycle is the _______________ phase.
|
resolution phase
|
|
64. Male and female reactions during the sexual response cycle differ in which one of the following ways?
|
males enter refactury period
|
|
67. Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of endometriosis?
|
growth of uterus tissue outside of the uterus
|
|
71. At what age is testicular cancer most frequently diagnosed?
|
20 to 39
|
|
72. The term impotence is another name for
|
erictile disfunction
|
|
75. ______________ is everything you do in your daily life that expresses your maleness or femaleness to others.
|
gender role
|
|
76. A person’s personal, inner sense of being male or female is
|
gender identity
|
|
81. Adolescent sexual interaction
|
usualy takes place within the context of dating ( adolesent)
|
|
82. The percentage of 15- to 19-year-olds in the United States who have had sex at least once is
|
40 - 50%
|
|
86. Oral stimulation of the female genitalia is called
|
cunniligus
|
|
87. Oral stimulation of the penis is called
|
filatio
|
|
88. The most extreme form of sexual coercion is
|
rape
|
|
91. Drinking alcohol prior to sexual activity
|
orgasm difficult to achieve
|
|
1. ____________ has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates of all developed nations.
|
united states
|
|
2. According to the World Health Organization, how many women worldwide have unintended or unwanted pregnancies every year?
|
80 million
|
|
3. How how many eggs are released through ovulation during a woman’s fertile life?
|
400
|
|
4. A contraceptive that physically blocks the sperm from reaching the egg is
|
barrier method
|
|
5. A contraceptive that permanently prevents transport of the sperm or egg to the site of conception is a
|
surgical method
|
|
6. The “typical use” contraceptive failure rate is based on studies that measure the percentage of women experiencing unintended pregnancy in the first
|
1st year of use
|
|
8. A women that is consistently careful in following instructions is labeled as having the “perfect use” failure rate. What is that failure rate?
|
30%
|
|
9. Oral contraceptives primarily prevent conception by
|
preventing ovulation by mimicing the hormonal activity of the corpus autium
|
|
11. The most common type of oral contraceptive is the
|
combination pill
|
|
12. In addition to hormone pills, most contraceptive packets also include
|
after one week of use
|
|
17. A woman taking the oral contraceptive Seasonale and Seasonique will have how many menstrual periods per year?
|
4 menstral periods
|
|
19. The main advantage of oral contraceptives is the
|
high degree of effective and preventary pregnancy
|
|
22. Oral contraception is NOT recommended for women with
|
a history of blood clots
|
|
25. The typical first-year failure rate for oral contraceptives is _________ percent.
|
8%
|
|
27. The Ortho Evra contraceptive skin patch is worn for ________ before being replaced.
|
ortho condarsesive shin patch
|
|
28. The Ortho Evra contraceptive skin patch can be worn on any of the following places, EXCEPT the
|
breasts
|
|
32. After insertion, the NuvaRing (vaginal contraceptive ring) is left in the vagina for ______ before removal.
|
3 weeks before removal
|
|
34. The NuvaRing offers pregnancy protection for how long?
|
nuva ring
|
|
35. The perfect-use failure rate of the NuvaRing is _____ percent.
|
30%
|
|
36. The typical-use failure rate for the NuvaRing is ______ percent.
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8.7%
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|
37. The Implanon implant is a(n) _______________ contraceptive.
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hormonal
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|
38. The Implanon is effective for how long?
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3 years
|
|
39. Depo-Provera is
|
deprovara, administered by insertion
|
|
40. Which of the following methods is considered a “contraceptive implant”?
|
emplainion
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|
43. Which of the following can be used for emergency contraception?
|
plan b
|
|
44. An emergency hormonal contraceptive reduces the risk of pregnancy by almost ____ percent if taken within 24 hours of unprotected intercourse.
|
95%
|
|
46. In order for emergency contraception to be effective, the first dose must be taken within ____ hours of unprotected intercourse.
|
120 hours
|
|
47. After a women has taken her first Plan B pill, when should she administer the second pill?
|
12 hours
|
|
48. How exactly does the IUD prevent pregnancy?
|
not known for certain for iyd
|
|
49. Which currently available IUD is effective for up to 10 years?
|
copper t -380 A
|
|
55. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists states that the use of an IUD can reduce the risk of developing which type of cancer?
|
endometrio cancer
|