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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A discrete packet of light is called a ________. |
photon |
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What would you examine to determinewhether a trait is sex linked? |
pedigree |
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During metaphase I, ________. |
homologous chromosomes line up in themiddle of the cell |
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What compound is found at the reaction center of a photosystem? |
Chlorophyll a |
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Eukaryotic cells spend most of their cell cyclein which phase? |
interphase |
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During which phase of mitosis does thenuclear envelope re-form and the nucleoli reappear? |
telophase |
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The shorter the wavelength of visible light, the ________. |
greater the energy |
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Which activity will help prevent cancer andincrease survival? |
Seek early detection of tumors. |
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Mendel's law of independent assortment states that |
each pair of alleles segregatesindependently of the other pairs of alleles |
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What is the specific location of a gene on achromosome? |
locus |
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The creation of offspring carrying geneticinformation from just a single parent is called |
asexual reproduction. |
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During which phase of mitosis do thechromosomes line up on a plane locatedequidistant from the two spindle poles? |
metaphase |
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Any gene located on a sex chromosome |
is called a sex-linked gene. |
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Which process is found in both cellularrespiration and in the light reactions ofphotosynthesis? |
electron transport chain |
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Plants use sugars as |
a fuel for cellular respiration and astarting material for making otherorganic molecules |
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A mating between a purebredpurple-flowered pea plant and a purebred white-flowered pea plant would produce a(n) ________. |
hybrid |
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Mendel's law of segregation indicates that |
gametes have one allele copy for eachgene |
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Which of the following are produced duringthe light reactions of photosynthesis? |
ATP, NADPH, O2 |
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Cancer is not usually inherited because |
the chromosomal changes in cancer areusually confined to somatic cells. |
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Many human traits, such as our performanceon intelligence tests or our susceptibility toheart disease, are ________. |
influenced by both genes and theenvironment |
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An individual who is homozygous ________. |
carries two copies of the same allele for agene |
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Chromatin consists of ________. |
DNA and protein |
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Photosynthetic organisms derive their carbon from |
carbon dioxide. |
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Mendel conducted his most memorableexperiments on |
peas. |
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Which of the following occurs duringinterphase? |
cell growth and duplication of thechromosomes |
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Of the following wavelengths of light, whichwould you expect to be least absorbed by chlorophyll a? |
green |
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The structure where sister chromatids arejoined is called the ________ |
centromere |
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What is the chromosome composition of anormal human male? |
44 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 1 Ychromosome |
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Which one of the following is a function ofmitosis? Mitosis helps organisms |
A) repair tissues. B) grow. C) reproduce asexually. D) regenerate lost parts. E) All of the choices are correct. |
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How many sex chromosomes are in a humangamete? |
one |
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One reason plants have accessory pigmentmolecules, like chlorophyll b and carotenoids, is ________. |
to absorb energy in parts of theelectromagnetic spectrum thatchlorophyll a cannot |
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Amniocentesis and chorionic villus samplingallow for __________ and __________ of thefetus so that it can be tested for abnormalities. |
karyotyping . . . biochemical testing |
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Why are sex-linked conditions more common in men than in women? |
Men need to inherit only one copy of therecessive allele for the condition to befully expressed |
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A benign tumor differs from a malignanttumor in that a benign tumor |
does not metastasize |
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What is the source of energy that provides the boost for electrons during photosynthesis? |
light |
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The oxygen released into the air as a productof photosynthesis comes from |
water. |
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Mature human nerve cells and muscle cells |
are permanently in a state of nondivision |
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Sister chromatids are |
tightly linked together at a centromere |
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Scientists are working to create a better biofuel factory through which processes? |
increasing the genetic variation in groupsof algae |
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The mechanism that "breaks" the linkagebetween linked genes is |
crossing-over. |
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A cell that completed the cell cycle withoutundergoing cytokinesis would ________. |
have two nuclei |
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Producers |
A) are autotrophs. B) manufacture the biosphere's food supply. C) sustain themselves without eating. D) make organic food molecules fromsimple raw materials. E) All of the choices are correct. |
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CO2 enters and O2 escapes from a leaf via |
stomata. |
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The ________ is most commonly found innature |
wild-type trait |
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Sunlight is a type of __________ energy. |
electromagnetic |
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The phase of mitosis during which the nuclear envelope fragments and the nucleoli disappear is called |
prophase |
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Alleles are described as ________. |
alternate versions of a gene |
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For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations arepossible |
16 |
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All the offspring of a cross between ared-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant have pink flowers. This means that theallele for red flowers is __________ to the allelefor white flowers. |
incompletely dominant |
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Which molecule is the source of electrons forthe light reactions? |
H2O |
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Genes located close together on the samechromosomes are referred to as __________genes and generally __________. |
linked . . . do not sort independentlyduring meiosis |
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When a pigment molecule absorbs a photon,one of its electrons |
A) is put into an unstable state. B) becomes excited. C) gains energy. D) is raised from the ground state. E) All of the choices are correct. |
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The ultimate source of all the food we eat and the oxygen we breathe is |
photosynthesis |
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Which trait is polygenic in humans? |
height |
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Which of the following terms refers to thesituation where a single phenotypiccharacteristic is determined by the additiveeffects of two or more genes? |
polygenic inheritance |
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Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are called ______. |
autosomes |
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A(n) ________ is an example of an organismthat can sometimes reproduce asexually byparthenogenesis. |
zebra shark |
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Where is chlorophyll found in a plant cell? |
thylakoid membranes |
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When looking at a pigmented object, the color we see is the wavelengths that ________. |
are reflected or transmitted by thepigmented object |
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The process by which the cytoplasm of aeukaryotic cell divides to produce two cells iscalled |
cytokinesis. |
